Knee and Thigh Anatomy - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Knee and Thigh Anatomy

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Pes Anserine Muscle Group. Sartorius. Gracilis. Semitendinosus ... Pes Anserine Muscle Group. Lateral. Tensor Fascia Lata. Iliotibial Band. Other Structures ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Knee and Thigh Anatomy


1
Knee and Thigh Anatomy
2
Bony Anatomy
  • Femur
  • Linea Aspera
  • Medial and Lateral Condyles
  • Medial and Lateral Epicondyles
  • Adductor Tubercle

3
Bony Anatomy
  • Femur
  • Tibia
  • Medial and Lateral Tibia Plateaus (Tibial
    Condyles
  • Intercondylar Eminence
  • Tibial Tuberosity

4
Bony Anatomy
  • Femur
  • Tibia
  • Patella
  • Sesmoid Bone
  • Fibula

5
Knee Articulations
  • Tibiofemoral Joint
  • Modified hinge joint
  • 2-3 degrees of freedom
  • Articulating surfaced are not congruent

6
Knee Articulations
  • Patellofemoral Joint
  • 5 facets
  • Odd facet most often affected
  • Movement during flexion/extension
  • Position
  • 0,20,45,60-90
  • Medial/lateral tracking position
  • Medial/ Lateral Retinaculum
  • Why do we have this joint?

7
Knee Articulations
  • Proximal Tibiofibular Joint
  • Syndesmosis joint
  • Movement

8
Knee Secondary Restraints
  • Tbiofemoral Joint
  • Capsule
  • Synovial Membrane

9
Knee Secondary Restraints
  • Tbiofemoral Joint
  • Capsule
  • Synovial Membrane
  • Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
  • Primary medial stabilizer
  • 2 layers
  • Tightness not equal throughout ROM

10
Knee Secondary Restraints
  • Tibiofemoral Joint
  • Capsule
  • Synovial Membrane
  • Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
  • Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
  • against No attachment to capsule
  • Deep to biceps femoris tendon
  • Cordlike
  • Primarily protects against

11
Knee Secondary Restraints
  • Tibiofemoral Joint
  • Capsule
  • Synovial Membrane
  • Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
  • Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
  • Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
  • Intracapsular
  • Course of ligament
  • Primary functions
  • Two Bundles
  • Strain Depends on?

12
Knee Secondary Restraints
  • Tibiofemoral Joint
  • Capsule
  • Synovial Membrane
  • Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
  • Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
  • Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
  • Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
  • Intracapsular
  • Course of Ligament
  • Primary Functions
  • Three components
  • Most tight at?
  • Screw Home Mechanism

13
Knee Secondary Restraints
  • Tibiofemoral Joint
  • Capsule
  • Synovial Membrane
  • Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
  • Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
  • Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
  • Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
  • Arcuate Ligament Complex
  • Composed of
  • Functions

14
Knee Cartilage
  • Menisci
  • Introduction
  • Wedged structures
  • Vascular Supply
  • Functions
  • Medial Meniscus
  • C shaped
  • Firm attachment to MCL
  • Lateral Meniscus
  • Smaller, more mobile
  • Meniscofemoral Ligament (Ligament of Wrisberg)

15
Knee Secondary Restraints
  • Proximal Tibiofibular Joint
  • More stable than distal
  • Stabilized by
  • Proximal anterior tibiofibular ligament
  • Proximal posterior tibiofibular ligament

16
Primary Restraints - Musculature
  • Anterior
  • Rectus Femoris
  • Vastus Lateralis
  • Vastus Intermedius
  • Vastus Medialis

17
Primary Restraints - Musculature
  • Anterior
  • Posterior
  • Semimembranosus
  • Semitendinosus
  • Biceps femoris
  • Popliteus
  • Popliteal Fossa
  • Formed by
  • Structures found within

18
Primary Restraints - Musculature
  • Anterior
  • Posterior
  • Pes Anserine Muscle Group
  • Sartorius
  • Gracilis
  • Semitendinosus

19
Primary Restraints - Musculature
  • Anterior
  • Posterior
  • Pes Anserine Muscle Group
  • Lateral
  • Tensor Fascia Lata
  • Iliotibial Band

20
Other Structures
  • Bursa
  • Prepatellar
  • Infrapatellar
  • Suprapatellar
  • Others

21
Other Structures
  • Bursa
  • Fat Pads
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