ANATOMY OF HIGHER PLANTS

1
ANATOMY OF HIGHER PLANTS
The 3 basic plant organs are ___________,_________
__, and _______________. The 3 basic tissues
are Dermal tissue Vascular tissue Ground
Tissue Apical meristem Primary Meristems
vs. Secondary (lateral) meristems
A. Twig Diagram on p. 174 of Lab Manual
B. Modified Stems on p. 174 of Lab Manual. Think
about which are for storage and which are for
asexual reproduction Rhizome modified stem
that grows laterally _______________ Stolon
modified stem that grows laterally
______________ Tuber swollen shoot tip of a
rhizome Corm stem that is ______________________
____ Succulent stem ___________________________
____
2
C. Shoot Apical Meristem on p. 175 of Lab Manual
Apical Meristem Protoderm Procambium
Ground Meristem Leaf Primordia Axillary
Buds
Shoot tip of Coleus
D. Cross Section of Dicot and Monocot Stem
What is in a vascular bundle? How is the
arrangement of vascular bundles different in a
dicot versus a monocot stem? How is the ground
tissue different between a dicot and monocot
stem? There is a waxy layer on the outside of
the epidermis. What is it for?
3
E. Cross Section of a Woody Stem
What are the 3 ways you can cut a woody
stem? Secondary growth involves adding _______
to the stem. Two lateral meristems function in
this. 1) The vascular cambium produces
_____________________ to its interior and
________________ to its exterior. Secondary
xylem is what we think of as ______________. Why
is wood hard and strong? How can you tell the
difference between early and late wood? 2) The
cork cambium produces ____________________________
_. The ___________ includes the cork and the
cork cambium. Bark includes _____________________
_. What happens to the cortex and the epidermis
as the stem grows in girth? What is the
difference between heartwood and sapwood?
4
A. Root Types Taproot vs. Fibrous
Roots vs. Adventitous Roots B. Radish Root -
Longitudinal Section
Apical meristem Root Cap Zone of Division
Zone of Elongation Zone of Maturation
Epidermis Cortex Stele
C. Dicot Root buttercup root Cross Section
D. Monocot Root corn root Cross Section