AGROFORESTRY: Role in Watershed Management

1
AGROFORESTRY Role in Watershed Management

• Diomy Zamora Ken Brooks

2
AGROFORESTRY

• Combination of woody agricultural crops
  (annual and perennial) on the same piece of land
  simultaneously or sequentially
• Deliberate Intentional
• Provides Ecological Economic Benefits

3
Key Concepts of Agroforestry (Nair, 1990)

• Multiple outputs of products
• Emphasis is on indigenous multipurpose trees
  shrubs
• Suitable for low input conditions fragile
  environments
• Emphasis on socio-cultural values
• Structurally functionally more complex than
  monoculture

4
Agroforestry Systems

• Agrisilvicultural
• Silvopastoral
• Agrosilvopastoral
• Others
• Aquaforestry (e.g., Mangroves)
• Shifting cultivation
• Apiculture with trees

5
Watershed Management

• Process of guiding organizing land and water
  resources to provide desired goods services
  without adversely affecting soil water

6
Objectives of Watershed Management Projects
(examples)

• Sustain land production AND high quality water
• Restore productivity of degraded lands
• Reduce soil erosion and sediment export
• Restore riparian and wetland systems
• Improve stream channels
• Reduce flood damages

7
Need for Comprehensive Watershed Management

• Recognizes linkages between uplands and
  downstream interests, and
• Facilitates development of sustainable management
  solutions to current land and water degradation
  problems

8
Challenges

• Understand hydrologic and water quality
  consequences of different types of land use
• Develop land use alternatives that help us
  mitigate problems and move towards sustainable
  resource management

9
Agroforestry

• Hydrologic function is somewhere between that of
  natural forests and agricultural croplands
• A more sustainable alternative to intensive
  grazing and cropping on uplands and in riparian
  zones

10
Determining Watershed Benefits of Agroforestry
systems

• Consider upstream and downstream effects
• Compare with and without agroforestry
  conditions
• Framework for assessment is based on FAO
  Conservation Guide 16 Guidelines for Economic
  Appraisal of Watershed Management Projects
  (Gregersen et al. 1987) and discussed in
  Gregersen et al. (2007).

11
(No Transcript)
12
SELECTED REFERENCES

• Agroforestry Systems - an international journal.
  Kluwer Academic Publishers, in cooperation with
  ICRAF.
• Brooks, K.N., P.F. Ffolliott, H.M. Gregersen and
  L.F. DeBano. 2003. Hydrology and the Management
  of Watersheds. 3 ed. Iowa State Press. Ames.
• Buck, L.E., J.P. Lassoie and E.C.M. Fernandes
  (eds.). 1998. Agroforestry in sustainable
  agricultural systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
• FAO website, www.fao.org
• Gregersen, H.M., P.F. Ffolliott and K.N. Brooks.
  2007. Integrated Watershed Management
  Connecting People to their Land and Water. CAB
  International UK.
• Gregersen, H. M., K. N. Brooks, J. A. Dixon and
  L. S. Hamilton. 1987. Guidelines for Economic
  Appraisal of Watershed Management Projects. FAO
  Conservation Guide no. 16. Rome.
• International Council for Research in
  Agroforestry. (Quarterly publication, starting
  January-March, 1989). Agroforestry Today.
  International Council for Research in
  Agroforestry. Nairobi, Kenya.
• MacDicken, K.G., and N.T. Vergara. 1989.
  Agroforestry classification and management. New
  York John Wiley Sons.
• McDonald, P. and J. Lassoie. 1996. The literature
  of forestry and agroforestry. Ithaca NY Cornell
  University Press.
• Nair, P.K.R. 1989. Agroforestry systems in the
  tropics. Boston Kluwer Academic Publishers.
• Overstory website overstory_at_agroforestry.net
• Riha, S.J. and B.D. McIntyre. 1999. Water
  management with hedgerow agroforestry systems.
  Chapter 3, pp. 47-65 in Buck, L.E., J.P. Lassoie
  and E.C.M. Fernandes (eds.). Agroforestry and
  Sustainable Agricultural Systems. Lewis Pub. Boca
  Raton.
• United Nations Environment Programme. 1986.
  Environmental guidelines for agroforestry
  projects. UNEP Environmental Guidelines No. 11.
  13 pp.
• USDA National Agroforestry Center website
  www.unl.edu/nac/pubs.html