SEAMANSHIP CH' 5 BOAT HANDLING

1
(No Transcript)
2
SEAMANSHIP CH. 5BOAT HANDLING
REFERENCES Chapmans and AUX study guide
3
RESPONDING TO THE LAWS OF PHYSICS

• Discovering the relationship between the laws of
  physics and boat behavior can be perplexing.
• No two boats respond the same even under
  identical circumstances.
• Successful boat handling requires PRACTICE,
  PRACTICE and MORE PRACTICE.

4
ABILITY TO STEER WELLHELMSMANSHIP

• Cannot be mastered from a book or in a classroom.
• Involves your reaction - response to the entire
  boat and its total environment including the
  weather.
• You must attain the basics of performance from
  hands on experience in order to fully
  understand and master the helm.

5
SECRET OF GOOD HELMSMANSHIP

• KNOW YOUR BOAT
• Take it easy on anothers boat until you get the
  feel and KNOW THEIR BOAT
• Practice, practice and practice some more.

6
BASIC TERMINOLOGYINBOARD OUTBOARD I/O THRUST
PROPELLER

• INBOARD Engine mounted within the hull
• OUTBOARD Engine mounted on the transom and
  detachable.
• I/O Combination of inside and outside.
• THRUST Force moving the boat through the water,
  gained by a propeller.
• PROPELLER A screw which, when rotating. draws
  in water from ahead and pushes it out astern

7
TERMINOLOGY ContdSINGLE/TWIN SCREW AUXILIARY
INBOARD OUTBOARD

• SINGLE SCREW Boat with one propeller
• TWIN SCREW Boat with two propellers.
• AUXILIARY Sailboat fitted with an engine
• INBOARD Fixed direction of thrust, only changed
  by rudder action.
• OUTBOARD OR I/O Direction of thrust is changed
  by rotating the engine. Change of direction of
  thrust is the rudder.

8
TERMINOLOGY ContdSTEERING THRUST RUDDER PORT
STARBOARD

• STEERING Accomplished by CHANGING direction of
  thrust.
• CHANGING THRUST DIRECTION
• By rudder action
• By changing engine direction of outboard or I/O
  lower unit.
• REMEMBER PORT and STARBOARD sides are fixed, no
  matter which heading you have.

9
TERMINOLOGY ContdHEADWAY STERNWAY
TURNINGRIGHT/LEFT RUDDER

• MAKING HEADWAY Going forward in the water
• MAKING STERNWAY When backing down.
• TURNING TO PORT Bow is moving to the left.
• TURNING TO STARBOARD The bow moves to the right.
• RIGHT OR LEFT RUDDER Direction the bow turns
  to.

10
TERMINOLOGY ContdRIGHT/LEFT HAND PROPELLERS
SINGLE/TWIN ENGINES

• RIGHT HAND PROPELLER Screws through the water in
  a clockwise rotation, looking at the transom from
  the stern. LEFT HAND( the opposite).
• Most single engine boats have RIGHT HAND props o
  n them.
• TWIN ENGINED Usually have counter-rotating props
  to offset torque with RIGHTHAND prop on
  starboard, left hand prop on port side. Without
  counter-rotating props vessel would be almost
  impossible to steer.

11
SUCTION SCREW CURRENT

• SUCTION Incoming water current FROM forward of
  the propeller
• DISCHARGE Outgoing current aft of the propeller
• RUDDER(S) are placed in the center of the
  DISCHARGE flow and the current of water rushing
  by produces a pressure on the rudder blade which
  controls the direction of the boat moving in the
  water.
• NOTE RUDDER(S) are ONLY EFFECTIVE, when the boat
  moves through the water.

12
SUCTION SCREW CURRENT
13
PROPELLERS

• RIGHT-HANDED View from stern. Propeller is
  turning CLOCKWISE ( NOTE OUTSIDE TIP AT TOP)
• LEFT-HANDED Turning COUNTER-CLOCKWISE.

14
LEFT HAND / RIGHT HAND PROPELLERS
15
Prop Walk
16
PROPELLERSTORQUE, EQUAL / UNEQUAL BLADE THRUST
When moving foreword, RIGHTHAND props produce
GREATER thrust to starboard at the stern
AND LEFTHAND props produce Greater thrust to Port
at the stern. ALL PROPELLERS RELY ON SMOOTH FLOW
OF WATER for max efficiency.
17
EFFECT OF TORQUE BY SINGLE SCREW RIGHT HAND
TURNINGPROPELLER MOVING FORWARD

• TORQUE will move the stern to the right.
• ALWAYS visualize the DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT OF THE
  TOP of the prop for DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT OF
  STERN.

18
HANDLING CHARACTERISTICSPLANING Vs. DISPLACEMENT
HULLS

• HEAVY BUILT Displacement, load carrying hulls.
  Stable. Slower.
• LIGHTER BUILT Planing Sport hulls. Shallower
  draft. Much faster. Less stable.
• BOTH Handle completely differently, especially
  in heavy weather
• PLANING hulls revert to displacement hulls at low
  speeds.

19
HANDLING ContdWINDCURRENT Vs. HULL TYPES

• HANDLING ALL HULLS affected by WIND and CURRENT.
• HIGH BOWS Tend to fall off the wind NO MATTER
  what is done to prevent it, especially at low
  speeds.
• CURRENT Biggest reaction factor in all hull
  types.
• DISPLACEMENT HULL Current greatest affecting
  factor

20
HANDLING ContdEXPOSED HULL AREA Vs. WIND
DRAFT CURRENT

• The more structure above the water, the more
  effect from wind.
• The deeper the draft, the more effect from
  current.
• Effect of current is greater than effect of wind
  on displacement hulls.
• Effect of wind greater than current on planing
  hulls.

21
MOORING LINES

• BOW TO STERN
• BOW LINE Stops the bow from moving aft
• BOW BREAST Stops the bow from moving outward
  from the dock.
• AFTER BOW SPRING Stops the boat from moving
  foreword
• FOREWARD QUARTER SPRING Stops the boat from
  moving back
• STERN BREAST Stops the stern from moving out
  from the dock
• STERN LINE Stops the stern from moving foreword

22
MOORING LINES
23
animation
24
TURNING THE RUDDER OR ENGINE
25
MANEUVERING TWIN SCREW BOAT
26
SPRING LINES
27
SPRINGING OR WARPING INTO

• WARPING Bend a mooring line to a bow cleat and
  pass it to a person on the dock to secure it to a
  cleat or bit.
• Shorten the line on the boat side to suit and
  cleat it off.
• If youve done this on the starboard side, put
  the rudder to PORT and give the engine moderate
  power AHEAD.
• The left rudder will swing the bow out.
• The power will move the boat ahead until it is
  stopped by the mooring line
• The shortened mooring line will force the hull
  into the dock and stop its forward motion.

28
SPRINGING INTO THE DOCK
29
Take It...
SLOW !
CLICK
30
With Wind or Current From the Dock

• DEPLOY FENDERS
• Approach the dock slowly at a fairly sharp angle
  (about 45 degrees)
• At the dock, shift into neutral and secure a bow
  line
• Turn hard in the direction away from the dock
• Slowly go forward against the bow line
• The stern will move toward the dock

CLICK
31
ANIMATION
32
WITHOUT WIND OR CURRENT

• DEPLOY FENDERS
• Approach the dock at a very slight angle (10 to
  20 degrees)
• When the bow is close to dock, shift into reverse
  to slow headway
• Ease into the landing

CLICK
33
ANIMATION
34
Into the Wind or Current

• DEPLOY FENDERS
• Approach the dock at a slight angle
• (20 to 30 degrees)
• When the boat is close to the dock, turn the
  boat so that it is parallel to the dock
• Put the bow line over first
• The stern will then swing into the landing

CLICK
35
ANIMATION
36
With Wind or Current Astern

• DEPLOY FENDERS
• Approach the dock at a slight angle
• When the bow is close, use reverse to slow
  headway
• Make fast the stern line
• Make fast the bowline
• THIS APPROACH IS VERY DIFFICULT AND SHOULD BE
  AVOIDED
• Be ready to use reverse gear at all times

CLICK
37
WIND
TOUGH !!!
AVOID !!!
38
With Wind or Current Toward the Dock

• DEPLOY FENDERS
• Approach parallel to the dock
• Shift into neutral
• Let the wind and the current carry the
  boat into the dock

CLICK
39
ANIMATION
40
SPRINGING OR WARPING OUTSTERN FIRST

• RIGHT rudder
• SHORT after bow spring, well cleated on both ends
• RIGHT RUDDER to swing the stern away from the
  dock
• LOW power to move the BOAT out from the dock.
• Short spring will stop the outward motion and
  swing the hull on the forward cleat to a
  position almost perpendicular to the dock.
• Release the dockside spring line.
• Youre on your way in reverse.

41
SPRINGING AWAY FROM DOCK STERN FIRST
42
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 1

• The part of the current that flows into the
  propeller is called the ___ _____ _____.
• a. back lash current
• b. back tide current
• c. suction screw current
• d. post screw current

43
REVIEW QUESTIONS

• The part of the current that flows into the
  propeller is called the ____ ____ ____
• c. suction screw current

44
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 2
2. When a right-handed propeller is turning
clockwise, the boat will go _________. a.
forward b. backward c. to the right d. to the
left
45
REVIEW QUESTIONS
2. When a right handed propeller is turning
clockwise, the boat will go_________ a.
foreword
46
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 3
3. The stern of a single screw boat with a left
hand propeller tends to go _______when the
propeller is reversing. a. to starboard b. to
port c. ahead d. up
47
REVIEW QUESTIONS
3. The stern of a single screw boat with a left
handed propeller tends to go_______________ when
the propeller is reversing. a. to starboard
48
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 4
4. When the rudder is put over, the stern is
_____ the direction the rudder moves. a. kicked
toward b. kicked away from c. kicked in d. not
affected by
49
REVIEW QUESTIONS
4. When the rudder is put over, the stern is
_________ the direction the rudder moves. b.
kicked away from
50
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 5
5. When backing a single screw inboard with a
right-handed propeller and rudder amidship, the
stern will___________ a. go to starboard b.
track straight back c. drift to starboard d.
move to port
51
REVIEW QUESTIONS
5. When backing a single screw inboard with a
right hand propeller and rudder amidship, the
stern will ___________ d. move to port
52
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 6
6. The mooring line that keeps the boat from
going ahead is the _____ a. Bow line b.
Forward spring c. Breast d. after bow spring
53
REVIEW QUESTIONS
6. The mooring line that keeps the boat from
going ahead is the ____ d. after bow spring
54
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 7
7. By going ahead on one engine while reversing
the other enables a twin screw vessel
to_______ a. turn in a much wider area b. turn
within its own length c. turn within 1/3 of
its own length d. back easier
55
REVIEW QUESTIONS
7. By going ahead on one engine while reversing
the other enables a twin screw vessel
to_____________ b. turn within its own
length
56
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 8
8. Getting away from a dock, when the boat is
being set into it by the wind, generally
requires using_____________. a. an after bow
spring line b. a breast line c. a boat hook d.
a stern line
57
REVIEW QUESTIONS
8. Getting away from the dock, when the boat is
being set into it by the wind, generally
requires using _______ a. an after bow spring
line
58
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 9
9. Breast lines are set ________ the boats
hull. a. parallel to b. next to c.
perpendicular to d. at 45 deg. angles to
59
REVIEW QUESTIONS
9. Breast lines are set____________the boats
hull. c. perpendicular to.
60
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 10
10. The discharge current of the propeller is
always located on _______ a. the down current
side of the propeller b. the up current side
of the propeller c. behind the propeller d.
ahead of the propeller
61
REVIEW QUESTIONS
10. The discharge current of the propeller is
always located on the ____ a. down current
side of the propeller
62
END CHAPTER 5