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PLATO

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OLIGARCHY. Character. Reason the servant of passion. Material obsession. Driven and unstable ... OLIGARCHY. Regime. Materialism. Blind acquisitiveness ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: PLATO


1
PLATO
  • The Context of The Republic
  • Peloponnesian War (431-404BC)
  • Athens versus Sparta
  • Luxury and Interdependence
  • Internal Conflict rich and poor democrats and
    oligarchs

2
  • Corruption in Athenian Politics
  • Sophism, rhetoric and demagogues
  • Belief versus Knowledge
  • Persuasion and mutual manipulation

3
  • The Simple State
  • Needs
  • Cooperation
  • Specialisation division of labour
  • Differentiation of functions
  • Functions and natural capacities

4
  • The Luxurious State
  • Inflation of Needs
  • Sophistication of division of labour
  • Materialism and social tensions
  • External conflict

5
  • Classes and Roles in the Ideal State
  • Guardians legislative and ruling
  • Auxiliaries executive and defence
  • Populace material needs

6
GUARDIANS
  • Ruling Attributes
  • Courage
  • Gentleness
  • Knowledge the form of goodness

7
Forms of Goodness
  • Political Significance of the Forms
  • Objective goodness
  • Politics and perfection
  • Elites and subject the Cave
  • Expert Rule

8
GUARDIANS
  • Manner of Living
  • Spartan living conditions
  • Communism
  • The family
  • The role of women

9
GUARDIANS
  • Duties
  • Resource distribution
  • Geographical containment
  • Education and selection
  • Stability

10
TIMOCRACY status and ambition
  • Character
  • Lack of temperance and balance
  • Overweening ambition
  • Status, riches of riches

11
TIMOCRACY
  • Regime
  • Militaristic spirit
  • Neglect of intellect and moral goodness
  • Elite partiality
  • Reactive tension and instability

12
OLIGARCHY
  • Character
  • Reason the servant of passion
  • Material obsession
  • Driven and unstable

13
OLIGARCHY
  • Regime
  • Materialism
  • Blind acquisitiveness
  • Conflict, social division and marginalisation

14
DEMOCRACY
  • Character
  • Dissolute
  • Rule less
  • Torn between conflicting objectives

15
DEMOCRACY
  • Regime
  • Extreme liberty
  • Lawlessness
  • Fragmentation

16
TYRANNY
  • Character
  • Without consistency or self control drunken,
    lustful maniac
  • Impious delusions tyrant as human deity
  • Tormented

17
TYRANNY
  • Regime
  • Completely unconstrained by politics, law or
    personal morality
  • Unstable indulgence of different groups in the
    statethe people, body guards, criminal classes
  • Aggressive the rich, the people, former allies
  • Authoritarianism and instability

18
CONCLUSIONS
  • Platos Legacy
  • Politics and Objective Knowledge
  • Perfectionism
  • Anti-materialism
  • Elitism, expert rule and meritocracy
  • Disinterest and political authority
  • The political role of women

19
CONCLUSIONS (2)
  • Reservations
  • The role of analogies
  • Individuals and communities
  • The paradox of political utopianism
  • Absolute power and corruption
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