Exam

1

• Exam 1 will be on Monday. For the exam, you will
  write directly on the test sheets. So no exam
  booklet (blue book) is required.
• A review session will be held Sunday at 700 p.m.
  in Hellems 185. It will last 1-2 hours.

2
Outline of Exam 1

•  I. Three true/false questions, worth two points
  each (see http//www.poweroflogic.com/cgi/MC/mc-fi
  xed.cgi?exercise1.1B -- look at questions about
  soundness and validity only).
• II. Three symbolization problems (complete
  dictionaries will be provided) three problems
  one worth three points, one worth four, one worth
  five (p. 19, and http//www.poweroflogic.com/cgi/T
  rans/trans.cgi?exercise7.1CactionChoose ).
• III. Symbolizing a complete argument (dictionary
  provided) one problem, worth eight points (pp.
  33-34)

3
Exam outline, continued

• IV. Constructing parse-trees two problems one
  worth four, one worth five (p. 40, exercise I)
• V. Using truth-tables to classify formulae two
  problems, worth five points each (see p. 57 and
  http//www.poweroflogic.com/cgi/TT/taut.cgi?exerci
  se7.5AactionNew )
• VI. Using truth-tables to test for logical
  equivalence one problem worth five points
  (exercises p. 58)

4
Review True or False

• 1. __ All sound arguments have false
  conclusions.
• 2. __ All valid arguments have true conclusions.
• 3. __ If an argument has a false premise, it is
  invalid.

5
Review True or False

• 1. _F_ All sound arguments have false
  conclusions.
• 2. _F_ All valid arguments have true
  conclusions.
• 3. _F_ If an argument has a false premise, it is
  invalid.

6
II. Symbolization

• 1. Patty will be unhappy, if she pays for a
  mail-order groom and he does not arrive.
• Dictionary H Patty will be happy G Patty pays
  for a mail-order groom A The groom arrives.
• 2. Terry will be president only if she is
  ambitious, smart, well connected, and has no
  skeletons in her closet.
• Dictionary P Terry will be president A Terry
  is ambitious S Terry is smart C Terry is well
  connected K Terry has skeletons in her closet.

7

• 1. (G A) ? H
• 2. P ? (A S) (C K)

8
Complete Argument

• Im going to take either the 6 oclock train to
  London or the 700 oclock. The 600 train is
  always full, though. So, I guess Ill take the
  later one.
• Dictionary
• X Ill take the 600 train to London
• V Ill take the 700 train to London

9

• Two possible formats for your answer
• X v V, X \ V
• Or,
• X v V
• X
• \ V

10
Parse Trees

• (E v B) ? ( S v T)
• (A ? (A B) ? (A B)) v A

11
Testing individual statements using a truth-table

• D v (A B) ? D ? ( A v B)
• Tautology, Contradiction, or Contingent
  Statement?

12
Logical Equivalence

• Using a truth-table, determine whether these two
  statements logically equivalent
• A R A ? R and ( R A)
• T T T T
  
• T T T
  T
• T
• Answer Not Logically Equivalent