Two Border States

1
Two Border States

• Maryland and Delaware

2
Two Border States

• Maryland and Delaware are the border states
  between the Northeast and the South.
• Both the states once had much in common with the
  Southern states, but during the Civil War,
  Maryland and Delaware stayed in the Union.
• Maryland and Delaware share land on the Delmarva
  Peninsula, which is the largest peninsula in the
  Northeast.
• Delmarva got its name from Delaware, Maryland and
  Virginia (Va.)

3
Two Border States

• The peninsula has rich soil, unlike most
  Northeast regions. However, most cities have
  grown along the rivers that flow into the
  Delaware Bay and the Chesapeake Bay.

4
Delaware

• Delawares nickname is the First State, because
  it was the first state to ratify the
  constitution.
• Delawares first plan of government was called
  the Articles of Confederation
• Delaware is located on the Delaware Bay and is
  the countrys second smallest state.
• Dover, the capital, is the only large town on the
  Delmarva Peninsula.
• The first to settle in this area were the
  Swedish.
• They called the area New Sweden.
• The Swedish were the first to use log cabins,
  which became the standard style on the frontier.

5
Delaware

• Delawares largest city, Wilmington is known as
  the Chemical Capital of the World

6
The Mason-Dixon Line

• The most famous state boundary line ever surveyed
  in America
• Surveyed by Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon
• It took three years to settle the disputed border
  between Pennsylvania and Maryland.
• It is at 39o4317.6 N.
• It was later extended west to be the border
  between Pennsylvania and modern day West
  Virginia.
• During the Civil War, the Mason-Dixon line marked
  the line between slavery being legal and illegal.

7
Maryland

• Marylands large cities are located on its
  coastal plain.
• Many rivers cut through the plain into the
  Chesapeake Bay.
• The Chesapeake Bay is the largest bay in the
  United States
• It cuts the state nearly in half
• Crabs and clams in supermarkets are taken from
  the Chesapeake Bay
• The U.S. Naval Academy is located here

8
Maryland

• Baltimore is Marylands largest city and primary
  seaport
• Baltimore became the nations first railroad
  center
• The first major train to be tested in the United
  States, Tom Thumb, was stationed in Baltimore
• The worlds first telegraph line was from
  Washington D.C. to Baltimore, and the first
  message was sent on it
• The message was What hath God wrought?

9
Maryland

• Baltimore and Washington D.C.s suburbs have
  grown together to form one area.
• Baltimores suburbs have also grown north through
  Wilmington and Philadelphia.
• Marylands panhandle is only 2 miles wide at its
  narrowest point
• A panhandle is any long, narrow strip of a state

10
The District of Columbia

• Washington D.C. is not part of any state. It is a
  district run by Congress.
• It stands on Capitol Hill overlooking the Potomac
  River.
• The central park area, called the National Mall,
  is surrounded by government buildings
• Washingtons layout makes it among the most
  beautiful capitals in the world

11
Washington D.C.

• The important government buildings are the White
  House, where the president lives, the Capitol
  building, where Congress meets, the Supreme Court
  building, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing,
  where money is printed, the Federal Bureau of
  Investigation (FBI) Building, and the Pentagon,
  headquarters of the U.S. armed forces.
• The Pentagon is the largest office complex in the
  world

12
Washington D.C.

• The Smithsonian Institution is home to the
  largest museum in the nation. It includes 14
  buildings and the National Zoo.
• The museum includes Alexander Graham Bells first
  telephone, the Wright Brothers plane, the
  tattered flag from the Star-Spangled Banner,
  and more.
• Other buildings in Washington include the
  National Archives, the Library of Congress, the
  National Aquarium, the U.S. Botanic Garden, and
  the National Arboretum

13
Washington D.C.

• The Washington Monument is the most famous
  monument in the capital.
• It stands 555 ft. tall.
• Other monuments include the Jefferson Memorial,
  the Lincoln Memorial, and the Tomb of the Unknown
  Soldier

14
The countrys system of government

• Americas system of government is called a
  federated republic
• A republic is a government run by elected
  representatives of the people
• A federation divides powers between state
  government and a national government
• The national government is divided between three
  separate branches Congress, which passes laws,
  the president, who enforces the laws, and the
  Supreme Court which interprets the laws