I.P.S.I.A.

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I.P.S.I.A. L. ZanussidiPordenone

• Clil project

Nutrition and food test
Alunne L.Contino T. De Nardi Classe IIC
IAM Disciplina Scienze
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Nutrition groups

• The nutrition groups are
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Fat
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Fibre
• Water
• A balanced diet is made up of all the above
  nutriens.
• There are chemical tests for carboydrates,
  proteins
• and fats.

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Carbohydrates

• Carbohydrates consist of starch and types of
  sugar,
• e.g. glucose (the sugar our bodies use for
  respiration)
• and lactose (the sugar in milk).
• We need carbohydrates to give us energy.
• Starch is made up of smaller glucose molecules
  joined
• together. Plants store glucose as starch.
• Glycogen is also a carbohydrate. Animals store
• glucose as glycogen. These foods contain a lot of
  
• carbohydrates.

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Chemical test for starch
Add two drops of yellow iodine solution to food
solution. Solution will turn blue/black if
starch is present.
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Chemical test for glucose
Add a few drops of Benedicts solution to food
solution. Heat in a water bath until it boils. If
glucose is present, an orange precipitate will
form.
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Fats

• Fats are made fatty acid and glycerol.
• We need fat for o store of energy, to make cell
  membranes and for warmth (insulation).
• Fat can also be bad for us. Cholesterol is a
  fatty deposit that can narrow arteries and
  contribute to heart disease.
• This food contains a lot of fat

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Chemical test for fat

• Add 2cm3 of ethanol to the food solution in the
  test tube and shake.
• Add 2cm3 of water to the test tube and sake
  again.
• Fat is present if the solution turns cloudy
  white.

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Water

• Water makes up approximately 65 of your body
  weight. Water is important because
• Our blood plasma is mainly water.
• Water is sweat that cools us down.
• Chemical reactions in our cells take place in
  water.
• Waste products are removed from our bodies in
  water.
• Food and drink contain water.

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Vitamins and Minerals
We only need these in small amounts, but they are
essential for good health. Vitamins and minerals
are found in fruit, vegetables and
cereals. Deficiency diseases are caused by a lack
of vitamins and minerals. Vitamin C keeps the
skin strong and supple without it the skin cracks
and the gums bleed. Vitamin D helps the bones
harden in children without it the bones stay
soft (a disease called rickets). We need the
mineral iron for making haemoglobin and the
mineral calcium for healthy bones and
teeth. Deficiency
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PROTEIN

• Your body cells are mostly made of protein.
• Proteins are made up of lots of amino acids.
• We need protein to repair and replace damaged
  cells or to make new cells during growth.
• These foods contain a lot of protein

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FIBRE

• Fibre, or roughage, comes from plants.
• Fibre is not actually digested it just keeps
  food moving smoothly through your system.
• Fibre provides something for your gut muscles to
  push against. It is a bit like squeezing
  toothpaste through a tube.
• It prevents constipation.
• These are foods containing a lot of fibre

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QUICK TEST

• What do we use carbohydrates for?
• Name the two main carbohydrates.
• What is the chemical test for starch?
• What is the chemical test for glucose?
• What do our bodies need fat for?
• How would you test for fat?
• Why is protein important to our cells?
• What is the chemical test for protein?
• Why is fibre important?
• What are deficiency diseases caused by?

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SOLUTIONS

• Energy
• Starch and glucose
• Iodine a blue/black colour means starch is
  present
• Benedicts solution and heat an orange
  precipitate means glucose is present
• Store energy, make cell membranes and insulation
• Ethanol and water cloudy means fat is present
• Repair and replace cells, and make new cells for
  growth
• Biuret test if solution turns purple, protein is
  present
• It helps food move through your system and
  prevents constipation
• Lack of vitamins and minerals