INNOVATIONS IN LAND TENURE, REFORM

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INNOVATIONS IN LAND TENURE, REFORM
ADMINISTRATION IN AFRICA

• Clarissa Augustinus
• UN-HABITAT
• Klaus Deininger
• World Bank

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INTRODUCTION

• Quick review of current position
• Identify some better known innovations
• Highlight some new innovations
• Identify innovations that are needed
• Global Network of Pro Poor Land Tool Developers
• Importance of land issues

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LAND ADMINISTRATION INNOVATIONS IN AFRICA

• A number of countries innovating (Ethiopia,
  Tanzania, Namibia, Uganda, Lesotho, Mozambique)
• PRSP linked LA approaches
• Dispute resolution
• Innovative technical designs
• Innovative gender approaches

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LATEST INNOVATIONS

• Ethiopia
• Uganda
• Customary land certificates
• Institutional issues
• India

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WHERE ARE WE TODAY

• Some agreement on principle in rural land policy
  (follow up from PRR).
• Some policy principles -but messy in urban.
• World Bank lending over 1 billion in land sector.
• Some innovations especially in Africa but not
  sufficiently scaled up.
• Work on documenting developing new innovations
  e.g. Ethiopia, Uganda, Tanzania.
• The size of the problem (titling coverage, slum
  numbers).
• Need solutions new tools.

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NEW INNOVATIVE TOOLS

• Insufficient focus on implementation of policy
  at scale.
• Tools exist but not cost effective and fit to
  human resource envelope.
• Affordable half way geodetic for Africa
• LIS/GIS spatial units parcel non parcel based.
• City wide slum upgrading.

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TOOLS NEEDED

• City wide planning/regional land use planning.
• Cost benefit analysis of new satellite imagery
  for slum upgrading (not national mapping).
• Turning NGO enumeration information into first
  adjudication evidence for land rights.
• Gender friendly affordable adjudication.
• Land administration approaches for post conflict
  societies.

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TOOLS NEEDED

• Non customized GPS for 1 meter accuracy to be
  used by non professionals.
• Affordable land record management for
  transactability.
• Affordable just estates administration, esp.
  for HIV/Aids areas.
• Pro poor expropriation compensation.
• Rigorous LA governance tools (subsidiarity
  capacity building).

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TOOLS NEEDED

• Technical/legal policy e.g. user fees.
• Management of state land.
• Land tax for financial land management.
• Regulatory framework for private sector.
• Capacity building sustainability.
• Land access/land reform.
• What is a gendered tool?
• Is rural urban land really different?
• How can we measure tenure security satellite
  imagery, household samples, comparatively?
• Continuum of rights.

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GLOBAL NETWORK OF PRO POOR LAND TOOL DEVELOPERS

• Main purpose -pro poor gendered land tools at
  implementation level.
• Improve integration of key actors within global
  land industry.
• Strengthen global comprehensiveness.
• Improve security of tenure of poor for MDG goals
  improve indicators/benchmarks.

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POTENTIAL PARTNERS IN GLOBAL NETWORK

• UN bodies
• Research institutions
• Member states
• Donors.
• NGOs
• Professional bodies

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GLOBAL NETWORK THEMATIC FOCUS

• Registry/land records.
• Surveying/cadastre.
• Land tax/valuation.
• Planning.
• Spatial information.
• Land law.
• Governance.
• Extra legal versions of these.
• Developing world post conflict.

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GLOBAL NETWORK KEY ISSUES THAT MAKE IT DIFFICULT

• Need a general tool which is flexible enough to
  be made country-specific.
• Key role of national governments in tool
  development.
• Grassroots/community involvement.
• Gender must be addressed.

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WAY FORWARD

• EGMs (Africa, Russia CIS, Asia SE. Asia, Arab
  States).
• 10 year programme.
• Multi-donor basket funding.
• Stockholm donor meeting agreement on
  activities, institutional shape, financing.
• Q1 2006 roll out.