P1254325907auCyK

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Community-led Development in Afghanistan A
Canadian approach Canadian International
Development Agency 11 October 2006
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Progress since 2001
2001 2005
GDP/capita (Cdn) 145 261
School enrolment 700,000 All boys 5,000,000 Over 1/3 girls
Exports (Cdn millions) 101 267
Imports (Cdn millions) 651 2808
Telephones/1000 people 1.3 24.0
Overall Literacy (and women) 28 (12.6) 36 (21)
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Historical Engagement

• CIDA has been active in Afghanistan for many
  years
• Before September 11, 2001, nearly 150 million
  (approximately 10 million per year) in
  humanitarian assistance was channelled through
  Canadian and local NGOs and multilateral
  institutions
• Right after September 11, 2001, CIDA allocated
  16.5 million, mainly for emergency humanitarian
  assistance
• Since 2002 (Tokyo Conference), largest Canadian
  aid program roughly 100 million per year
• Main sectors of activity to 2006
• Security and the rule of law
• Livelihoods and social protection
• Day to day operational expenses of Government
• Natural resources management/ agriculture

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Approaches to Aid Delivery in Afghanistan

• Principles
• Local Ownership
• Accountability
• Donor Coordination
• Do No Harm
• Helping Afghans Help Themselves

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Genuine Support
Right Fit Solutions
Local Ownership
Community Participation
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Afghan Compact and ANDS

• Afghanistan Compact between Afghan Government
  and International Community
• Sets out benchmarks for progress in key sectors
• Afghanistan National Development Strategy
• Afghan plan for poverty reduction, economic
  growth and institution building guides donors
  interventions and programs

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Development Plan for the Future

• Two Track Approach
• Stabilization in South, especially Kandahar
  build citizen confidence in national institutions
  and facilitate progress towards basic services
  and poverty reduction
• State Building - transparent, accountable and
  functioning democratic state for delivery of
  basic services nation-wide
• Key sectors where Canada can make a difference
• Democratization and Effective Government strong
  institutions, well-functioning democracy and
  government operations
• Role of Women and Girls in Society - providing
  greater voice in society, access to services,
  financing, education and sustainable livelihoods
• Sustainable Rural Livelihoods - sustainable and
  productive, to improve income and food security
  and self-sufficiency of the Afghan people.

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Development Plan for Future

• Objectives
• Empower communities to help themselves for
  lasting impact not a question of what Canada is
  building, but how we are helping Afghans build
  for themselves
• Build capacity of government to meet basic needs
  of Afghans such as water, roads, agriculture
• Support Afghan development objectives (ANDS)
• Provide more livelihood opportunities to reduce
  poverty
• Stabilize Kandahar, so development can be
  enhanced

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Development Funding for Afghanistan

• Announcements of an extra 350 million last May
  bring CIDAs aid contribution from 2001-2011 to
  close to 1 billion, in support of the Compact.
• This makes Afghanistan the largest Canadian
  bilateral program, at 100 million per annum.
• We disburse what we pledge.
• Majority of funds support Afghan national
  programs, based on community-led development,
  i.e. villagers deciding themselves what their
  priorities and needs are, such as a school, well,
  or bridge, in Kandahar and nation-wide.
• What are the results from our funding?

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Key Afghan Programs Supported by Canada

• National Solidarity Program community-based,
  extend reach of government. Men and women living
  in a small isolated villages see what the
  Government can do to help, and what is being put
  in place to help Afghans meet their basic needs.
• ARTF Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund,
  supports audited day-to-day Government operations
• National Area-Based Development Program rural
  infrastructure and basic services
• MISFA microcredit initiative
• De-mining, weapons cantonment
• Others Canadian partners (AKFC, Care Canada),
  International organizations (UNDP,UNICEF)

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Development Results to Date

• Democratic Presidential and Parliamentary
  elections.
• Over 13,000 villages now have access to funding
  to meet priority needs such as clean water and
  roads, reaching more than 11.5M Afghans.
• 5,000 kilometres in rural roads across
  Afghanistan have been built to allow market
  access to Afghan villagers.
• Of this, over 145 kilometres have been
  rehabilitated in Kandahar
• Over 700 kilometres of irrigation canals have
  been rehabilitated across the country to increase
  agricultural output

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Over 250 schools have been built across the
country by National Programs, including Kandahar.
More than 5M children in school, close to one
third girls

• Empowerment

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Over 18,000 wells, more than 2,000 in Kandahar
clean water to more people (NSP)
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Access to microcredit more than 193,000 people,
close to 75 women. Most loans helped launch
small businesses, 98 are repaid with interest
(MISFA).
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More Results through National Programs

• National-level
• 727 irrigation canals (731 km)
• 82 beekeeping farms, 315 planting farms
• 1,542 metres of bridges
• 5,654 sewing machines
• 14,040 Community Development Councils elected
• 1,520 water reservoirs

• Kandahar
• 29 irrigation canals (103 km)
• 166 sewing machines
• 427 Community Development Councils elected
• 4 water reservoirs
• 14 km drainage projects

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Kandahar-specific Progress

• National Programs benefiting Kandahar
• Counter-Narcotics major Kandahar initiative
  underway
• Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT)
• Quick Action Projects some announced today
  others being finalized
• Longer term development Confidence in
  Government Program

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Confidence in Government Program - Kandahar

• Goal empower the Afghan government to extend its
  reach, services and concern to remote communities
• Mechanism 900,000 per district in funding to
  implement priority projects chosen by villagers
  themselves
• Consultative process, and locally-led, so results
  more sustainable because of ownership and sense
  of being responsible for what is being
  implemented.

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CIDA in Afghanistan

• CIDA officers and local staff in Afghanistan are
  enablers of community development and the
  re-building of Afghanistan led by its own people
  this is key to a lasting impact.
• Mix of activities, but all focused on meeting
  basic needs of communities and Afghans.
• Experience shows it is the local people and
  communities that build a country.

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Details on Announcements

• NSP - to support community-led development
• Additional 13M country-wide
• Roll out to 2 more districts in Kandahar (2.0M)
• Medium Infrastructure (3.1M) building roads,
  bridges, dams for communities in Kandahar
• Fighting Polio 5M to help protect 7 million
  children from this tragic yet preventable disease