SARS PREVENTION

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SARS PREVENTION
Bernd Sebastian Kamps Christian Hoffmann
Prepared by Sharareh Eskandarieh
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Pictures of SARS
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Introduction

• The most effective way to control a new viral
  disease such as SARS is to break the chain of
  transmission from infected to healthy persons
• Case detection aims to identify SARS cases as
  soon after the onset of illness as possible.
• Once cases are identified, the next step is to
  ensure their prompt isolation in a properly
  equipped facility, and management according to
  strict infection control procedures.
• The detective work-involves the identification of
  all close contacts of each case and assurance of
  their careful follow-up, including daily health
  checks and possible voluntary home isolation.

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WHO Status of the Outbreak

• The causative agent, and the potential for
  continued spread of this new disease were not yet
  known.
• The outbreaks appeared to pose a great risk to
  health workers and to the family members.
• Many different antibiotics and antiviral
  therapies did not effect.
• Though the numbers were initially small, a
  significant percentage of patients had rapidly
  progressed to respiratory failure, requiring
  intensive care.
• The disease had moved out of its initial focus in
  Asia and appeared to have spread to North America
  and Europe.

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National measures

• The creation of an emergency operating center.
• The designation of one or more SARS hospitals.
• The institution of efficient quarantine measures.
• The rapid approval of pending legislation.

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Infection Control in Healthcare Settings

• Patients should wear N-95 masks.
• Healthcare workers should wear N-95
• masks together with head cover, goggles,
• gowns, and gloves when caring for these
• patient.
• Daily and terminal disinfection should be
• thorough, with careful washing.

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Infection Control in Healthcare Settings

• Disinfection of the bed, handrails,
• bedside tables, floor, and equipment with
• hypochlorite solution(1000 ppm ).
• For intubated patients, the use of a
• closed suction system is essential to
• avoid air leakage and enhanced disease
• transmission.

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Infection Control in Households

• To prevent secondary transmission, close
• contacts of SARS patients should be
• vigilant for fever or respiratory symptoms.
• Household members and other close
• contacts of SARS patients should be
• actively monitored by the local health
• department for illness.

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CDCs SARS Infection Controland Exposure
Management

• Interim Guidance on infection control
  precautions
• for patients with suspected SARS and close
• contacts in Households.
• Interim domestic guidance on persons who may
• have been exposed to patients with suspected
  
• SARS.
• Interim domestic guidance for management of
• exposures to SARS for health-care and other
  institutional setting.