ALMA Presentation

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ALMA studies of the first galaxies Madrid
2006 Chris Carilli (NRAO)
Epoch of Reionization

• last phase of cosmic evolution to be explored
• bench-mark in cosmic
• structure formation
• indicating the first
• luminous structures

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First observational constraints on cosmic
reionization
Gunn-Peterson Effect (Fan) gt Near edge of
reionization at z 6.
T
3

• Current observations z_reion 11 to 6 (Fan,
  Carilli, Keating 2006)
• Not event, but complex process, large
  variance time/space
• GP gt occurs in twilight zone, opaque ?_obs lt
  0.9 um ??

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Radio astronomical probes of the Epoch of
Reionization and the 1st luminous objects

• CMB large scale polarization
• Neutral IGM HI 21cm emission and absorption
• Objects within EoR Molecular gas, dust, star
  formation

Collaborators USA Carilli, Wang, Fan,
Strauss Euro Bertoldi, Walter, Riechers, Cox,
Menten, Omont, Beelen
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Dust at z 6 (see Bertoldi)

• 30 of z6 QSO host galaxies Hyper-lum. IR
  galaxies LFIR 1e13 Lo
• Mdust 1e8 Mo
• tuniv lt 1Gyr gt Dust formation in massive stars?

S250 3mJy
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Near-IR to Radio SEDs Star formation?

• Hot (1000K) dust AGN accretion disk
• Warm (50K) dust starburst?
• Follow radio-FIR correlation
• SFR(gt5Mo) 1e3 Mo/yr

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• Similarity to IR-selected QSOs, not optical (PG)
  QSOs
• Coeval formation of SMBH stellar host galaxy?
• Consistent with downsizing in galaxy/SMBH
  formation.

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Molecular gas fine structure lines (Walter)
J1148 VLA CO 3-2
z6.42 t_univ0.87 Gyr
CII
IRAM
2.5
CO 6-5
11485251

• Only direct probe of host galaxy
• CII luminosity also implies SFR 1e3 Mo/yr
  (Maiolino)
• 2e10 Mo of molecular gas fuel for star
  formation
• Early enrichment of heavy elements zsf gt 8

0.3
Tb 40K
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Breakdown MBH - Mbulge relation at high z SMBH
forms first?
CO gt Mgas 2e10 Mo Mdyn 5e10 Optical
gt MBH 2e9 gt Mbulge 1e12
X
11485251
MBULGE 1000MBH
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Cosmic Stromgren Spheres

• 11485251 Accurate z_host from CO
  z6.419/0.001
• Proximity effect photons leaking from
  6.32ltzlt6.419

White et al. 2003

• time bounded Stromgren sphere R 4.7 Mpc
• f(HI) 1e-5 R-3 (t_qso/1e7) yrs
• ltf(HI)gt 0.1 for sample 19 QSOs at zgt5.7
• (Fan et al. 06 Wyithe et al. 04)

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Current limits z5.7 Ly? galaxies in COSMOS
(Murayama/Scoville)
NB850
VLA
99 Ly? emitters at z5.7/-0.05 SUBARU
Ly??????????? 2 Mo/yr MAMBO ltS250gt lt2mJy gt
SFRlt300 VLA ltS1.4gt lt2.5?Jy gt SFRlt125
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Complementary Panchromatic view of galaxy
formation
SFR10M_sun/yr
cm Star formation, AGN
(sub)mm Dust
Near-IR Stars, Ionized gas, AGN
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Line sensitivity
High order, fine structure lines
Low order
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Wootten
CO
HCO
HCN
CCH
z6.55 SFRgt10M_sun/yr

• Detect dust emission in 1sec (5?) at 250 GHz
• Detect multiple lines, molecules per band gt
  detailed astrochemistry
• Image dust and gas at sub-kpc resolution gt gas
  dynamics/dark matter

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ALMA Probing Cosmic Reionization

• Twilight zone z6-11 limited to near-IR to
  radio ???
• First forays z6 QSOs Host
• HLIRGs early dust/C,O.. formation
• Coeval formation SMBHHost Gal.
• Break-down MBH-Mbulge
• CSS gt f(HI) gt 0.1
• ALMA dust, gas, dark matter
• Imaging of normal galaxies
• Detailed physics and astrochemistry

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Loeb Rybicki 2000
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First observational constraints on cosmic
reionization
Large scale polarization of CMB
Gunn-Peterson Effect
TT
TE
EE
T
Page
Fan et al 2003
Fan
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• IRAM 30m MAMBO sub-mJy sens at 250 GHz
  wide fields
• IRAM PdBI sub-mJy sens at 90 and 230 GHz
  arcsec resol.
• VLA uJy sens at 1.4 GHz
• VLA lt 0.1 mJy sens at 20-50 GHz 0.2 resol.