The Leadership Challenge

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The Leadership Challenge

• James M. Kouzes
• Barry S. Posner

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Context of Leadership

• Heightened uncertainty
• People first
• Global connectedness
• Social capital

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Context of Leadership

• Global economy
• Speed
• An ever-changing workforce
• An intense search for meaning

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Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership

• Model the Way
• Inspire a Shared Vision
• Challenge the Process
• Enable Others to Act
• Encourage the Heart

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Model the Way

• Find your voice by clarifying your personal
  values.
• Set the example by aligning actions with shared
  values.

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Inspire a Shared Vision

• Envision the future by imagining exciting and
  ennobling possibilities.
• Enlist others in a common vision by appealing to
  shared aspirations.

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Challenge the Process

• Search for opportunities by seeking innovative
  ways to change, grow, and improve.
• Experiment and take risks by constantly
  generating small wins and learning from mistakes.

8
Enable Others to Act

• Foster collaboration by promoting cooperative
  goals and building trust.
• Strengthen others by sharing power and discretion.

9
Encourage the Heart

• Recognize contributions by sowing appreciation
  for individual excellence.
• Celebrate the values and victories by creating a
  spirit of community.

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Characteristics of Admired Leaders

• Honest
• Forward-looking
• Competent
• Inspiring

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Managers with High Credibility

• Proud to tell others theyre part of the
  organization
• Feel a strong sense of team spirit
• See personal values as consistent with those of
  the organization
• Feel attached/committed to the organization
• Sense of ownership in organization

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Managers with Low Credibility

• Produce only if theyre watched carefully
• Motivated primarily by money
• Say good things about the organization publicly,
  criticize it privately
• Often consider looking for another job
• Feel unsupported unappreciated

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Credibility is the Foundation

• Credibility Makes a Difference
• The Requirement/Predicament of Being
  Forward-Looking
• What is Credibility Behaviorally?

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Establishing Credibility

• DWYSYWD
• Do What You Say You Will Do

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Clarify Your Values

• Values Are Guides
• Personal Values Clarity Makes a Difference
• Explore Your Inner Territory
• Listen to the Masters

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Express Yourself

• In Your Own Words
• Three Stages of Self-Expression - Looking Out
• - Looking In
• - Moving On

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Clarifying Your Personal Values

• Look in the mirror
• Take time for contemplations
• Write a tribute to yourself
• Record lessons from leaders you admire

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Clarifying Your Personal Values

• Write your credo
• Engage in a credo dialogue assessment
• Collect stories that teach values
• Audit your ability to succeed

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Build Affirm Shared Values

• The Power of Shared Values
• Why Shared Values Are Important

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Align Actions with Values

• Calendars Spend Time Pay Attention
• Critical Incidents Seize Opportunities to Teach
• Stories, Analogies, Metaphors Use the Timeless
  Way to Teach Virtues

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Align Actions with Values

• Language Choose Words Questions Deliberately
• Measurements Recognize that What Gets Measured
  Gets Done

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Set the Example Align Actions/Values

• Create alignment around key values
• Speak about shared values with enthusiasm and
  confidence even drama
• Teach reinforce through symbols/artifacts
• Lead by storytelling

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Set the Example Align Actions/Values

• Put storytelling on your meeting agendas
• Ask questions
• Keep score
• Do a personal audit

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Discover the Theme

• Express Your Passion
• Explore Your Past
• Pay Attention to Your Experiences
• Immerse Yourself

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Imagine the Possibilities

• Find Meaning in the Ideal
• Take Pride in Being Unique
• Make Images of the Future
• Look to the Future

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Envisioning the Future

• Read a biography of a visionary leader
• Think about your past
• Determine the something you want to do
• Write an article about how youve made a
  difference

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Envisioning the Future

• Write your vision statement
• Become a futurist
• Test your assumptions
• Rehearse with visualizations affirmations

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Enlist Others

• Develop a Shared Sense of Destiny
• Listen Deeply to Others
• Discover Appeal to a Common Purpose
• Give Life to a Vision

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Give Life to a Vision

• Use Powerful Language
• Practice Positive Communication
• Tap Into Nonverbal Expressiveness

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Enlist Others Appeal to Shared Aspirations

• Get to know your constituents
• Find the common ground
• Draft a collective vision
• Expand your communication skills

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Enlist Others Appeal to Shared Aspirations

• Breathe life into your vision
• Speak from the heart
• Listen firstand often
• Hang out

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Search for Opportunities

• Join the Voyage of Discovery
• Seize the Initiative
• Make Challenge Meaningful
• Innovate Create
• Look Outward for Fresh Ideas

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Seize the Initiative

• Make Something Happen
• Encourage Initiative in others
• Lead Through Assigned Work

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Seek Innovative Ways to Change, Grow Improve

• Treat every job as an adventure
• Seek meaningful challenges for yourself
• Find create meaningful challenges for others
• Add fun to everyones work

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Seek Innovative Ways to Change, Grow Improve

• Question the status quo
• Renew your teams
• Create an open-source approach to searching for
  opportunities
• Send everyone shopping for ideas

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Experiment Take Risks

• Initiate Incremental Steps Small Wins
• Learn from Mistakes
• Promote Psychological Hardiness

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Generating Small Wins

• Setup little experiment develop models
• Make it safe for others to experiment
• Break mindsets
• Break it up break it down

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Generating Small Wins

• Give people choices
• Accumulate yeses
• Admit your mistakes
• Conduct pre- and postmortems for every project

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Collaboration Improves Performance

• Create a Climate of Trust
• Facilitate Positive Interdependence
• Support Face-to-Face Interactions

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Create a Climate of Trust

• Trusting Others Pays Off
• Be Open to Influence
• Make Yourself Vulnerable
• Listen, Listen, Listen

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Positive Interdependence

• Develop Cooperative Goals Roles
• Support Norms of Reciprocity
• Reward Joint Effort

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Support Face-to-Face Interactions

• Sustain Ongoing Interaction
• Link to the Human Network
• Connect Others to Sources of Power
• Share Information Resources
• Develop Social Awareness Social Skills

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Cooperative Goals Building Trust

• Conduct a collaboration audit
• Be the first to trust
• Ask questions, listen, and take advice
• Always say we
• Create jigsaw groups

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Cooperative Goals Building Trust

• Focus on gains, not losses
• Make a list of alternative currencies
• Take a lot of human moments
• Create places and opportunities for informal
  interactions

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Generate Power All Around

• Ensure Self-Leadership
• Provide Choice
• Develop Competence Confidence
• Foster Accountability

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Develop Competence Confidence

• Share the Data
• Practice Problem-Solving
• Confidence Provides a Way
• Leaders Coach

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Sharing Power Discretion

• Offer visible supports
• Assign critical tasks
• Enrich peoples jobs
• Use modeling to develop competencies

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Sharing Power Discretion

• Stop talking start building at staff meetings
• Enlarge peoples sphere of influence
• Educate, educate, educate
• Create a learning climate

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Recognize Contributions

• Focus on Clear Standards
• Expect the Best
• Pay Attention
• Personalize Recognition

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Focus on Clear Standards

• Standards Concentrate Us
• Feedback Keeps Us Engaged
• Encouragement is Feedback

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Pay Attention

• Release the Positive
• Listen with Your Eyes Your Heart
• Be a Friend

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Show Appreciation for Individual Excellence

• Be creative about rewards
• Make recognition public
• Provide feedback en route
• Be a Pygmalion

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Show Appreciation for Individual Excellence

• Foster positive expectations
• Make the recognition presentation meaningful
• Find people who are doing things right
• Dont be stingy about saying thank you

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Celebrate Values Victories

• Create a Spirit of Community
• Tell the Story
• Set the Example

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Celebrate by Creating a Spirit of Community

• Schedule celebrations
• Install a public bragging board
• Create a commemorative award honoring exemplary
  actions
• Demonstrate caring by walking around

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Celebrate by Creating a Spirit of Community

• Show passion and compassion
• Be a cheerleader your way
• Have fun
• Set the example plan a celebration right now

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Leadership is Everyones Business

• Leadership is Learned
• Leaders Make a Difference
• First, Lead Yourself
• Leading Questions

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Leadership is Everyones Business

• Moral Leadership
• Contrasts Contradictions
• The Secret to Success in Life