REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT

1
REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT
2
Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor digitorum longus
• Actions
• toe flexion
• plantar flexion,
• inversion of the foot

3
Name the three part of the stance phase

• Heel-strike
• Mid-stance
• Toe-off

4
Calcaneus Talus Navicular 1st
Cuneiform 2nd Prox. Phalange Distal
Phalanges
Cuboid Metatarsals
5

• What muscle is most closely associated with
  Anterior Compartment Syndrome?
• Tibialis Anterior

6
Name the muscles and their actions

• Extensor hallicus longus
• Actions
• Extension of big toe
• Dorsiflexion
• Inversion of the foot

• Peroneous tertius
• Action
• Dorsiflexion
• Eversion

7
Name the muscle and its actions

• Tibialis anterior
• Actions
• Dorsiflexion
• Inversion.

8
Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneus longus muscle
• Actions
• Eversion
• Plantar flexion

9
Name the arch in the top picture and in the
bottom picture.
Lateral longitudinal arch
Medial longitudinal arch
10
Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor hallicus longus
• Actions
• Flexion of the big toe
• Plantar flexion
• Inversion

11
Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneus longus muscle
• Actions
• Eversion
• Plantar flexion

12

• Name the landmark

Lateral Malleolus
13
Name the ligament.
Deltoid Ligament
14
Name the muscle and its actions

• Extensor digitorum longus
• Actions
• Toe extension
• Dorsiflexion
• Eversion

15

1. Calcaneus
2. Cuboid
3. 5th metatarsal
4. Phalange
5. Lateral malleolus
6. Tiba

16
Name the muscle its two actions

• Gastrocnemius
• Actions
• plantar flexion
• flexion of the knee

17

• Name the arch
• Transverse arch - anterior tarsal bones and the
  metatarsals.

5th metatarsal 1st metatarsal
18
Name the muscle and its actions

• Tibialis posterior
• Actions
• plantar flexion
• inversion of the foot

19
Name the actions
?
?
Inversion
Eversion
20
Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor digitorum longus
• Actions
• toe flexion
• plantar flexion,
• inversion of the foot

21

• Name the action
• Plantar flexion

22
Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneus brevis
• Actions
• Plantar flexion
• Eversion

23
Dorsi Flexion
1. Name the action
2. Name the action
Plantar Flexion
24
1. Name the muscle and its actions
1

• Plantaris
• Action
• plantar flexion

2
2. Name the muscle and its actions

• Soleus
• Action
• plantar flexion

25
Name the muscle and its actions

• Soleus
• Action
• plantar flexion

26

• 6 is the?
• Second Cuneiform
• 7 is the?
• Third Cuneiform
• 8 is the?
• First metatarsal
• 9 is the?
• Proximal phalange
• 10 is the?
• Middle phalange
• 11 is the?
• Distal phalange

• 1 is the?
• Calcaneous
• 2 is the?
• Talus
• 3 is the?
• Navicular
• 4 is the?
• Cuboid
• 5 is the?
• First Cuneiform

27
Name the muscle and its actions

• Extensor hallicus longus
• Actions
• Extension of big toe
• Dorsiflexion
• Inversion of the foot

28

• What muscle is most closely associated with
  Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome?
• Tibalis Posterior.

29

• Name the arch colored in red.
• Lateral Longitudinal - calcaneous, cuboid, and
  4th and 5th metatarsals.
• Name the arch colored in green
• Medial Longitudinal - calcaneous, talus,
  navicular, 3 cuneifroms, 3 medial metatarsals

30
Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneus brevis
• Actions
• Plantar flexion
• Eversion

31
Name the muscle and its actions

• Tibialis anterior
• Actions
• Dorsiflexion
• Inversion.

32
Name the muscle and its actions

• Tibialis posterior
• Actions
• plantar flexion
• inversion of the foot

33

• What is Exertional Compartment Syndrome?
• Excessive pressure inside one of the lower leg
  compartment.
• 2. Why is it a serious injury?
• The blood supply can be compromised.

34
Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor hallicus longus
• Actions
• Flexion of the big toe
• Plantar flexion
• Inversion

35
Name the muscle and its actions

• Extensor digitorum longus
• Actions
• Toe extension
• Dorsiflexion
• Eversion

36
Name the three arches of the foot.

• Medial longitudinal arch
• Lateral longitudinal arch
• Transverse arch

37
Name the muscle its two actions

• Gastrocnemius
• Actions
• plantar flexion of the foot
• flexion of the knee

38

• Where is the plantar fascia found?
• On the plantar surface of the foot running from
  the calcaneus to the metatarsals.
• What is plantar fasciitis?
• Plantar fasciitis is inflammation of the plantar
  fascia.

39
Name the muscle and its actions

• Tibialis posterior
• Actions
• plantar flexion
• inversion of the foot

40

• Name the landmark

Medial Malleolus
41
Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneous tertius
• Action
• Dorsiflexion
• Eversion

42

• Name the landmark

Medial Malleolus
43
Lateral Collateral Ligament
2
1

• Anterior Talofibular
• Posterior Talofibular
• Calcanofibular

3
44

• Name the landmark

Lateral Malleolus
45

• What is turf toe
• A sprain that occurs at the metatarsal
  phalangeal joint of the great toe.
• What action is associated with truf toe?
• Extension or hyperextion of the great toe.

46
Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneus longus muscle
• Actions
• Eversion
• Plantar flexion

47
Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneous tertius
• Action
• Dorsiflexion
• Eversion

48
Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor hallicus longus
• Actions
• Flexion of the big toe
• Plantar flexion
• Inversion

49

• Name the action
• Inversion

50

• 1. Calcaneous
• 2. Talus
• 3. Navicular
• 4. Cuboid
• 5. First Cuneiform
• 6.Second Cuneiform
• 7.Third Cuneiform
• 8. Third Metatarsal (and
• Fifth Metatarsal)

• Name them all

51
Name the landmark
Medial malleolus
52
Name the muscle and its actions

• Plantaris
• Action plantar flexion

53

• Talus
• Navicular
• Cuboid
• Intermediate (2nd) cuneiform
• 3rd metatarsal
• 4th proximal phalange
• 2nd middle phalange
• 1st distal phalange

54
Name the muscle and its actions

• Extensor digitorum longus
• Actions
• Toe extension
• Dorsiflexion
• Eversion

55
Lateral Collateral Ligament
Posterior Talofibular
Anterior Talofibular
1
2
3
Calcanofibular
56

• What do ankle sprains occur more to the lateral
  ligaments?
• The medial malleolus is shorter than the lateral
  mallelous so greater inversion than eversion can
  occur
• Of the lateral ligments, which ligament is
  sprained the most often?
• The anterior talofibular
• How are 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree different from
  each other?
• 1st stretched, 2nd partial tear, and 3rd
  complete tear

57
Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor digitorum longus
• Actions
• toe flexion
• plantar flexion,
• inversion of the foot

58
Name the muscle its two actions

• Gastrocnemius
• Actions
• plantar flexion
• flexion of the knee

59
Name the ligament.
Deltoid Ligament
60

• Middle phalange of the 3rd toe
• Proximal phalange of the 1st toe
• Distal phalange of the 5th toe
• 2nd Metatarsal
• 1st Cuniform
• 2nd Cuniform
• 3rd Cuniform
• Navicular
• Cubiod
• Talus

61
Name the muscle and its actions

• Extensor hallicus longus
• Actions
• Extension of big toe
• Dorsiflexion
• Inversion of the foot

62
Name the muscle and its actions

• Tibialis anterior
• Actions
• Dorsiflexion
• Inversion.