Ionic bonding

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Ionic bonding
Non directional bond- strength of bond equal in
all directions
Conducts electricity when MOLTEN or in
SOLUTION(aq)
High melting point and boiling point hard solids
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Covalent bonding

• The sharing of electrons

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Covalent bonding is directional. The strength of
the bond is in one direction
Covalent structures are low melting point solid,
liquids and gases
They tend not to be soluble in water and have
poor electrical conductivity
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The outer shell of hydrogen can only contain a
max of two electrons (1s orbital) The electrons
are equally shared between the hydrogen's
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Oxygen
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Nitrogen
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Hydrogen fluoride
ammonia
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Ethene C2H4
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Carbon dioxide
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Number of electrons in the outer shell
Element
Bonds
1 2 2 3 4 3
1 6 6 5 4 5
H O S N C P
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Dative Bonding
A covalent bond forms when both electrons come
from the same atom
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Carbon monoxide
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Metallic bonding general characteristics
Non directional strong in all directions
Good electrical conductivity
Malleable (beaten into sheets) and ductile (made
into wires)
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