Henry IV

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Henry IV Henry of Navarre William of
Orange Philip II of Spain Charles I Elizabeth
I John Calvin puritans Guise Bourbon Huguenots Gus
tavus Adolphus Wallenstein
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I. Calvinism Confronts Catholicism A. The French
Wars of Religion -the death of Henry
II -Catherine de Medici -Guises, Bourbons,
and Politiques -the St. Bartholomews Day
Massacre -Henry IV and the Edict of Nantes B.
Spain and the Low Countries -William of Orange
-the upsurge of militant Calvinism -the Duke
of Alba and the Council of Blood -the
United Provinces C. English Absolutism -Charles
I and the Parliamentary Revolt -Civil War and
the Cromwellian Commonwealth
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A. The French Wars of Religion -the death of
Henry II -Catherine de Medici -Guises,
Bourbons, and Politiques -the St. Bartholomews
Day Massacre -Henry IV and the Edict of Nantes
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You will want to make room for the possibility
that religion . . . in pre-capitalist societies
is functionally and substantively distinct from
what it is today, which is to say a mere private
hobby and one ideological subcode among many
others. -Frederick Jameson
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1598 -- Edict of Nantes issued by Henry IV for
the benefit of the Huguenots 1. Freedom of
worship in specified places 2. Judicial
protection 3. Huguenots may hold jobs. 4.
Huguenots may have their own schools and educate
their children. 5. Huguenots may keep troops in
fortified cities such as La Rochelle.
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Results of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
1. None of the religious and political problems
in France are solved. 2. The Huguenots are
outraged, and, once again, Catherine de Medici
tries to appease them. 3. The Catholic Guise
vow to wipe out the Huguenots. 4. War of the
Three Henrys Henry of Guise vs. Henry of Navarre
(Bourbon, Huguenot) vs. Henry III (Catherine's
last son).
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B. Spain and the Low Countries -William of
Orange -the upsurge of militant
Calvinism -the Duke of Alba and the Council of
Blood Blood -the United Provinces
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C. English Absolutism -Charles I and the
Parliamentary Revolt -Civil War and the
Cromwellian Commonwealth Commonwealth
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Charles I
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Oliver Cromwell
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I. The Thirty Years War A. Outbreak of
Hostilities -the defenestration of Prague B.
The Course of the War -Albrecht von
Wallenstein -the Edict of Restitution -Gustavu
s Adolphus -the French intervention C. The
Consequences of the War - the Peace of
Westphalia and the rise of the autonomous
state -military Science and the Thirty Years
War States make war, war makes states
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State an area of the earths surface that has
human created boundaries. A state is governed by
a central authority that makes laws, rules, and
decisions that it enforces within those
boundaries. A state makes its own policies, and
the government of a state recognizes no earthly
authority higher than itself within its own
boundaries.
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Ferdinand II (r. 1619-1637)
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John Locke A Letter Concerning Toleration
(1689) Second Treatise on Civil Government (1690)
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Virginias Act for Establishing Religious Freedom
(1786 ) According to Thomas Jefferson, religious
toleration was meant to comprehend within the
mantle of its protection the Jew and the Gentile,
the Christian and Mahometan, the Hindoo, and
infidel of every denomination.
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Who does not see that the same authority which
can establish Christianity, in exclusion of all
other Religions, may establish with the same ease
any particular sect of Christians, in exclusion
of all other Sects? -James
Madison Memorial and Remonstrance
Against Religious Assessments
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Contract Theory

• Human society and government are the work of man,
  constructed according to human will (even if
  sometimes operating under divine guidance)
• Society and government ought to be based on
  mutual agreement rather than force