Example: Migrant philanthropy or diaspora giving

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Example Migrant philanthropy(or diaspora giving)
Part 3 Remittances for development

• Definition. The act of migrants to give back
  donations and development aid to their home
  country as a way to forge transnational ties
  (Jeremaiah Opiniano, 2002)

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Who gives what and where?
Part 3 Remittances for development

• Who? Migrants high- and less-skilled migrants,
  documented / legal (sometimes undocumented
  migrants through trusted migrant groups)
• What are given? Cash and in-kind donations,
  knowledge
• Where? Home countries (local origin communities,
  groups, national causes)
• Causes? Basic human needs, livelihood, support
  to disadvantaged groups, etc.

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International migration
Part 1 Intl migration and development

• Top origin countries Mexico, Russian
  Federation, India, China, Ukraine

Peter Stalker (2007) www.pstalker.com

• Top destination countries United States,
  Russian Federation, Germany, Ukraine, France
  (source World Banks Migration and Remittances
  Factbook 2008)

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Development financing
Part 2 Intl migration as co-development?
Types of philanthropy (diagram from Barring
Foundation 2007)
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Development financing
Part 3 Remittances for development
Funding routes (diagram from Barring Foundation
2007)
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Direct development financing
Part 3 Remittances for development
Migrants
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Is this purely philanthropy?
Part 3 Remittances for development

• In terms of how the resource can be used, it
  does not just involve philanthropy.

• And migrant donors are not just donors. They are
  primarily migrants.

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Example El Salvador
Part 4 Examples remittances for development
in Manuel Orozco (2007)
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Example India
Part 4 Examples remittances for development
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Example Kenya
Part 4 Examples remittances for development
Involvement of Kenyans abroad in home countrys
economic development through various means
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Example Mexico
Part 4 Examples remittances for development
from Kathleen Newland (2007)
Growth of the 3x1 Program in Mexico, 1993-2003
Note Dos por Uno program between 1993 and 1999,
Tres por Uno program 2000-2003. For 1993-1998,
original data was given in constant 2002 Mexican
pesos. In this table, the exchange rate 1 US
dollar 10 Mexican pesos was used. Source
1993-1999, Moctezuma Longoria 3 2000-2003,
Garcia-Zamora 10-11.
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Example Somalia
Part 4 Examples remittances for development
Helped set up 6 educational institutions in
homeland with help of government/bilateral groups
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Example African continent
Part 4 Examples remittances for development
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Example Philippines
Part 4 Examples remittances for development
Givers Hometown associations, Community/area-base
d groups in host countries Registered charities,
foundations, nonprofits in host countries
Professional associations Alumni associations
Other types of groups (sports clubs, cultural
clubs, groups helping Filipinos in host country,
Filipino businesses abroad, Church groups, sister
city groups) Again, the givers temporary
migrants, immigrants, undocumented (including
domestic helpers, construction workersi.e.
low-income migrants who remit much of earnings to
families) Estimates US218 million in cash, 2003
alone (Central Bank of the Philippines old
Balance of Payments data) Geographical direction
Rural Philippines (since 2/3s of overseas
Filipinos came from the rural areas)
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Worlds most distributed migrant philanthropy
phenomenon?
Filipino migrant philanthropy
Filipino migrant philanthropy
46 countries! --could be more Source IMDI (2006)
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• MR. JEREMAIAH M. OPINIANO Institute for Migration
  and Development
• Issues (IMDI)

653 Sanggumay Street, Mandaluyong City
1550 Republic of the Philippines www.filipinodia
sporagiving.org (The Philippine Diaspora
Philanthropy Portal) ofw_philanthropy_at_yahoo.com
63917-8238260