multiple sclerosis

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multiple sclerosis

• skler-O-sis

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Neuron Structure
Dendrites (receive impulse)
Cell Body (metabolic functions and decisions)
Axon (carries impulse Away from cell body toward
target)
Schwann Cell (Insulates, protects, nourishes)
Node of Ranvier (between Schwann cells place for
signal to jump)
Synaptic Terminal (signal converted to chemical)
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Myelination and the Schwann Cells

• The myelin acts as electricial insulator.
• As the cells grow, they wrap around the axon.
• The more insulation there is, the faster the
  impulse will travel down the axon.

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multiple sclerosis

• autoimmune (immune system attacks self)
• attacks myelin sheath around neurons
• leaves scar tissue and hardened (sclerosed) areas
• brain interprets this as pain

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multiple sclerosis

• symptoms
• chronic or relapsing pain, tingling, burning
  sensation
• usually lasts many years
• extremely variable progression
• might need wheelchair in 5 yrs, 20 yrs, or not at
  all
• increasing handicap over years
• might eventually lose use of legs, bowels, bladder

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multiple sclerosis

• dont know why it happens
• we do know how it works
• no cure
• but you should be able to suggest a possible
  treatment....
• cortisol because it suppresses the immune
  system
• some areas of world more common

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MS risk

• more common the further away from equator
• possible connection with vit D and immune system
  regulation?

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SSPE

• subacute sclerosing pan-encephalitis
• rare 1 in 100 000 of those infected with
  measles
• stage 1
• erratic behavior
• mental deterioration
• dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
• stage 2
• steady decline in body function
• blindness
• loss of speech
• coma
• prognosis
• death within 3 yrs usually
• catch in stage 1 can successfully treat with
  interferon (interventricular)
• if stage 2 universally fatal

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