Experience and Strategy of National Library of China Confronted with

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Experience and Strategy of National Library of
China Confronted with digitalization and
continuously increasing diversified library
collection
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I. Summary
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Libraries carry fruits of human civilization and
bear the responsibilities to spread knowledge and
culture and pass on civilization and history.
The ultimate objective of constructing and
developing national library is to build up a
high-quality base to reserve national literature
and information resources, and create a system of
literature and information resources with
abundant contents, various carriers, complete
species and definite characteristics.
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I. Summary
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Since 1995 National Library of China has begun
tracing momentum of the international study and
development of digital library, and accumulated
abundant technologies and experience. In 1998
National Library of China proposed to the
Ministry of Culture to carry out Chinese Digital
Library Project In October 2001 the Second Phase
of National Library of China, i.e. Basic Project
of National Digital Library was approved by the
State Council, which is listed among the
important construction projects in the 10th
Five-Year Plan of the country On Dec. 28, 2004
foundation of civil engineering part of the
foregoing project was laid. The primary design of
National Digital Library Project was approved in
October 2005.

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• 1998??????????????????
• 2001?10????????????????????????????,??????????
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• 2004?12?28???????????????????????2005?10??????

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I. Summary
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Construction of the second phase of National
Library of China and the synchronously
constructed digital library are planned to be
completed in five years. Emphasis of the
construction will be laid on the first three
years, when construction of most parts will be
completed. In the latter two years will be
completed construction of the ecdemic disaster
recovery system and software perfection.
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I. Summary
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• Construction of National Digital Library is a
  system project concerning many subjects, many
  technologies and scientific managing manners.
• Objectives- To build up
• A scientific management system
• A digital resources building system
• A digital resources publishing and service
  system
• A system to organize, manage and reserve digital
  resources of National Digital Library.

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• II. Objective and Program of Digital Resources
  Construction
• 1.The general objective of digital resources
  construction
• To completely fulfill the functions of the
  national library, and particularly collect, build
  and reserve Chinese digital information
• build up a super-large high-quality Chinese
  digital resources database on the Internet
• construct a technological supporting platform for
  collection, processing and reservation of digital
  information
• provide Chinese digital information services for
  users all around the country and the world via
  the national backbone communications networks
• build up the largest base in the world to restore
  Chinese digital information and provide Chinese
  digital information services, and make an
  important information facility for China.

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2.Policies for digital resources construction
Put the emphasis on collection of Chinese
literature with collection of foreign literature
as supplementation, Purchase most general
resources while build characteristic resources on
self-reliance. The emphasis is laid on
construction, processing, reservation and
spreading of Chinese digital resources
construction of permanently reserved resources
and Chinese digital information assuring base
creation and collection of metadata of Chinese
digital resources.
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3?????????? 2006-2010????????????????,???????????
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• 3.Strategy of digital resources construction
• During the five years between 2006 and 2010
  construction of digital resources will follow two
  schemes. One is digitalization based on the
  conventional literature in the library
  collection, which underlies integration and
  development of digital resources. The other is
  collection and reprocessing based on the internet
  resources and other primary digital resources.
• Manners of digital resources construction include
  self-relied construction, cooperative
  construction and outsourcing. Therein the special
  library collection and library collection of
  literature before 1949 are mostly constructed on
  self-reliance.
• Digital resources will be programmed and
  constructed following a scheme of three levels
• construction of the general Chinese metadata
  base,
• digitalization of characteristic resources,
• and dissertation repository respectively.

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As to choice of the contents, integration and
development during the five years between 2006
and 2010 will be focused by characteristic
resources in the library collection and
dissertation resources reflecting traditional
Chinese culture. Six dissertation digital
resource banks are planned to be
constructed (1)respectively of resource bank of
characteristic collection and Yongle
Canon (2)resource bank of overseas Chinese
study (3)resource bank of Chinese history
which, with the general Chinese history as the
skeleton and dissertation histories as
supplementation, shows Chinese civilization
history of five thousand years (4)resource bank
of Chinese laws (5)resource bank of digital
local records (6)resource bank of collection,
reservation and service of network resources.
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(2)???????? (3)???????,????????,????????,?
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• 1987?????????????
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• 2000??????????????????????????

• III. Status quo of digital resources construction
  
• Construction of electronic resources of National
  Library of China was started in the 1980s.
• In 1987 was started construction of library
  catalogue database of Chinese books.
• In the meantime CD database was brought in.
• Since 2000 the core, precious and characteristic
  collection of National Library of China have been
  digitalized in a planned way.

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• 1??????????
• ??2006??,???????????????150TB,??1?700???,???62???(
  ?)??,??????6????
• ??????400???
• ??????90???
• ????????190???,???600????????1000?
• ????????9??
• ????????13.9???

• 1.Self-constructed digital resources in the
  library collection
• By the end of 2006 capacity of self-constructed
  digital resources of National Library of China
  had reached 150TB, over 107 million pages,
  totally 620 thousand copies of literature and
  over 60 thousand pieces of CDs.
• In the library collection there are
• bibliotheca data over 4 million,
• standard data over 900 thousand,
• Chinese joint catalogue data over 1.9 million,
• joint catalogues of good editions of ancient
  books 90 thousand,
• joint catalogues of books published in the age of
  the Republic of China 139 thousand.
• In addition, National Library of China has over
  600 membership libraries and over 1,000 data
  users.

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• ????6000??,160???
• ????2890?8??488???
• ??????9?7??/1200 ??
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• ???????4000??/7???/248??
• ????6000?/??1???
• ??????173?/10299?/9700????

• Full-text Image Data 10700 pages
• books of the Republic of China over 6000 kinds
  (more than 1600000 pages)
• Periodicals 2890 kinds ( 80000 issues and more
  than 4880000 pages)
• self doctoral dissertations 97000 volumes
  (12000000 pages)
• old picture more than 7000 pieces
• collected local records in full text 2000 kinds
  (34000 volumes and 1200000 pages)
• collected local records in images more than 4000
  kinds (more than 70000 volumes and 2480000
  pages)
• oracle bone Bibliographies 6000 pieces (more
  than 10000 images)
• Chinese classic works 173 (10299 volumes and
  more than 97000000 words).

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• audio digitalizing conversion 470000 pieces,
• video digitalizing conversion 17000 programs (it
  will last 44000 hours.),
• academic seminars 308,
• network resource collection 18 subjects, more
  than 20000 government websites, 113 kinds of
  electronic newspaper ,
• online exhibitions 17.

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• ????308?
• ??????18???,2???????,113?????
• ????17??

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• 2.Outsourced digital resources in the library
  collection
• Electronic resources purchased and the submitted
  ones accepted mainly include the following ones.
• first-grade database in Chinese and foreign
  languages 101
• sub-database in Chinese and foreign languages183
  (among them, DIALOG international Online System
  contains more than 600 online database.)

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• the purchase electronic books in western
  languages 338000 kinds of (more than 70000
  pages) ,
• the purchase of electronic books in Chinese more
  than 140000 kinds (more than 310000 volumes)
• electronic periodicals in full Chinese more than
  12000 kinds,
• electronic periodicals in full western languages
  7000 kinds
• electronic newspapers in full Chinese 1000
  kinds,
• electronic newspapers in full western languages
  130 kinds
• the purchase of Chinese and foreign degree
  papers1136000 pieces,
• the purchase of Chinese and foreign Conference
  papers more than 1480000 pieces
• audio video documents more than 135000 pieces,
• electronic publication 26000 pieces.

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• ????????1000?
• ??130?
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• ????????148???
• ????13.5???
• ?????2.6???

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• IV. Digital Resources Services
• 1.Provision of electronic Chinese resources
  services
• Well received electronic Chinese books,
  electronic periodicals, and electronic newspaper
  are provided for the readers on WAN.
• Among them there are 135.3 thousand species and
  totally 207.6 thousand copies of electronic
  Chinese books.
• The number of readers with remote access
  authorization has exceeded 20 thousand.
• Provision of electronic Chinese books,
  periodicals and newspapers will continue
  increasing in the future.

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• 2.Provision of fine digital library collection
  resources services
• Providing self-constructed characteristic library
  collection of over 107 million pages, totally
  exceeding 620 thousand copies/pieces and some of
  them on the internet for reference of readers
  both at home and abroad.

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• ????????????1?700???,?62???(?),??????????????????
  

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Digital local record resources 2864 species of
70 thousand pages of digital image resources
capable of scanning the first 24 pages West
Xia image resources 6,000 pages of digital
image resources provision of services including
bibliotheca, the original images and research
paper data Stone inscription rubbing
resources over 20 thousand species, provision
of searching and scanning services Doctorial
paper resources 60 thousand copies of 1.4
million pages, capable of scanning the first 24
pages Resources of periodicals published in
the age of the Republic of China over 2,300
species of over 60 thousand issues, 4.6 million
pages of whole-length images are available
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?????? ????????6??,140??,???24????? ????????
2300??,6???,460??????????
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Chinese study resources provision of services
on WAN in May 2006 New-year picture resources
300 new-year pictures provision of searching and
scanning services a brief story and cultural
background of the new-year picture will be
included in instruction of the contents
On-line video lectures on Chinese books and
culture over 300 lectures are provided on WAN.
Some branded lectures such as lectures of the
ministers, Wenjin platform, and Chinese books and
culture. In addition, National Library of China
has newly presented curators forum,
entrepreneurs forum, artists forum, educators
forum and writers forum.
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?????????????????????? ????????????????300?????
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3.On-line virtual reference consultation services
On-line reference consultation services were
presented in May 2006. A visible service
interface is provided on the homepage of the
website of National Library of China to provide
on-line consultation services for the on-line
readers in two manners respectively, i.e.
real-time consultation and form-filling
consultation.
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• ?2005?5????????????????????????????
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• 4.Provision of consolidated search resources
• The brought-in electronic digital information and
  self-constructed digital information of National
  Library of China were organically integrated in
  May 2005.
• The flawless linkage between resources is
  gradually realized.
• The readers may conduct overall search of several
  database by the reader card log-in system.
• The searching results will be presented to the
  users in a consolidated manner, which will
  improve the efficiency of the users utilizing the
  voluminous information resources of National
  Library of China.

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• 5.Trans-regional network resources and services
  cooperatively built up by many libraries and
  institutions
• Chinese website of the international Dunhuang
  project was formally opened
• In March 2001 National Library of China and the
  British Library commenced five-year cooperation
  on IDP project.
• In November 2002 the Chinese website of the
  international Dunhuang project was formally
  opened at National Library of China.
• Up to now over 600 volumes of Dunhuang
  manuscripts and 10 thousand image data have been
  published on the website.

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• Participating in construction of integration
  disclosing system
• led by the State Science Commission, the three
  institutions respectively of National Science
  Library, National Library of China and Library of
  Chinese Colleges, based on the analysis of and
  research on the existing resources and services
  of the participators, have finally completed the
  system construction by formulating relevant
  general regulations and operating system.
• System development and test of the said project
  was completed in 2006.
• The system will begin providing services in 2007.
  
• It will be more convenient for the readers to
  acquire literature information of different
  information providers through integration and
  disclosing of a service platform.

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????????? ????2006??????????,2007???????? ??????
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6.Professional service for users of different
fields. Services for top leaders of the state
and central organizations Since 2003, our
library has provided Database of National
Library of China(Zhongnanhai website) for the
state organizations, satisfying the need of state
leaders and working staff in their decision and
routine work with digital resources. The
library will keep improving the service
capability for the legislation decisions in the
future.
6????????????? ??????????????????? 2003????????
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Services for the science and technology
originality of the state The Science and
Technology Novelty Assessment Center of National
Library of China introduced more than 600
industry databases from Dialog international data
integrated system and quality resources
guaranteeing system of the library to provide
science and technology novelty assessment report
for the state scientific research project
establishment, science and technology achievement
authentication, and scientific and technological
assessment consulting etc..
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??????????600???????????????????????,?????????????
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???????????????????????? ??????????????(???1000
?,??10000??),???????????????????600??,???????????,
??????????????????,??????????????50?,????????????
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Services for enterprises Plain media monitor
service for different enterprise at present.
Relying on the rich library holdings of the
National Library of China (nearly 1000 papers,
10000 journals), and subscriptions to 600 key
media of major cities and industries of the whole
country, the library can provide professional
plain media monitoring service on a monthly,
weekly or daily basis according to clients
requirement. The major group users who need
annual monitor service reach up to 50. The State
Information Center, Chinese Center for Disease
Control and Prevention are included.
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Enterprise information-pushing service To
satisfy the requirement of enterprise users, to
classify, edit, integrate the information
required by enterprises and provide in time
pushing-service, the library actively introduces
enterprise information collecting and
pushing-service system to provide enterprise
information service.
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V. Development Plan on Future Resources Service
1.The 11th Five Year Plan Outline of the
National Library of China defines the service
goal of our library. Grounded on perfecting
traditional literary service, the library will
construct a complete new type of knowledge
service system with the orientation of
strengthening modern information service and
cultural education training as new growing point.
It will further improve the comprehensive service
capability to increase the service
efficiency. The library will realize the initial
transition form traditional library business and
service with the 2nd Phase Project and Digital
Library Project of National Library of China as
an opportunity. The digital library will be
featured with mature technology, rich resources
and quality services.
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?,????????????????????????????????????????????
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• 2.The 11th Five Year Plan Outline of the National
  Library of China defines the service tasks of our
  library in the future.
• The service will focus on readers and be guided
  by their demand. The principle of commonweal,
  people oriented, key emphasis and attention to
  the general as well shall be insisted. The
  service theory and user study to be improved and
  service evaluation system establishment and
  perfection shall advance the service standard and
  standardization.
• The service mode will transfer from providing
  actual literature to providing both actual
  literature and digital literature, which are of
  equal importance, and from general literature
  borrowing service to in-depth and individual
  service.
• The service content shall transit from single
  mode resource to integrated resources.

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  ???,???????????,???????????????
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• The means of service shall include both
  in-library and manual literature borrowing
  service and remote website literature information
  and knowledge pushing services. The reference
  consulting service will be highlighted for
  implementation of virtual reference consulting
  service. Literature providing business shall also
  be highlighted to broaden the spec and width of
  literature providing. The layered service system
  will be perfected to serve the state legislation
  and decision preferably. The key service target
  will be the state education, science and
  technology institute and manufacturing units.
  Good services to the public will be developed to
  a no-obstacle service.

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• Based on quality services to in-library readers,
  the library will improve its service to the
  on-line readers.
• Modern science and technical original means shall
  be fully employed to assist readers to get
  digital resources via internet.
• The library will keep planning new service item,
  building up new service brand to improve the
  social public culture service level.
• The activities such as Wenjin Library Prize,
  Wenjin Reading Saloon, Chinese Classical
  Literature and Culture, Wenjin Forum will be well
  organized. On-line forum lectures shall extend
  the training function of the library.
• The exhibition and promotion of the library
  holdings will be emphasized as well.
• The construction of the library website shall
  make the website a resource service window which
  is user friendly with versatile function and easy
  application.

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  ?????????
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• The library will, according to the changing
  requirement of readers, update its service
  concept, deepen the service contents, broaden the
  service scope, introduce in technical achievement
  and better service methods.
• Based on the increasing versatile demands of
  users, developing and increasing service
  capability of traditional library and
  constructing versatile resources construction
  security system through digital resources
  supported technical platform and web platform
  shall change basically the status of distracted
  information of internet and inconvenience of
  application. Thus quality, professional and
  individual information service and knowledge
  services can be delivered to users.
• The versatile, specific demand of users can be
  satisfied via diversed service modes and
  integrated service platform.

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  ?
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  ??????,???????????????????????????
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• ??????
• 1???????
• ???????,?????????,??????????,??????????????
• ??????????,???????????MARC??,????DC????????
• ????????,??????PDF???TIFF??????MP3??,????MPEG2?MP
  EG4?WMV????

• VI. Relative Issues
• 1.Digital resources construction
• For the characterized resources of the library
  holdings, the library will digitalize it to
  provide service on Internet and LAN in accords
  with the requirement of intelligent property
  right limitation.
• In the process of digital resources, the Metadata
  still adopts MARC standard. DC Metadata
  standardization is under research.
• The digital resource release and saving. Text
  will adopt PDF and TIFF. Audio will be in MP3,
  and video adopts MPEG2 MPEG4 and WMV.

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• The fee to purchase digital resources overseas
  will be paid from the fees of book purchasing,
  which increases each year.
• Fees of self-construction of digital resources
  will be borne by the state financial allocation,
  equaling to 10 million-15 million yuan.
• In the construction of digital resources, the
  library tries to share resources with libraries
  of different industry, different type of library
  to avoid repetition.

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• ????????,?????????1000-1500???
• ????????,???????????????????????,???????

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• 2???????
• ????????????,??????????????
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  ???????,???????????
• ????????,?????????????,??????????????????????,????
  ????????7???????

• 2.Digital resources service
• In aspect of resource service, the National
  Library of China shall consider combination with
  traditional service.
• In the aspect of digital resources service,
  on-line reader authentication, on-line searches
  and reading, on-line virtual reference, Metadate
  unified search, full-text reading and search
  preparation, and on-line virtual reference are
  available now.
• Cooperation with other libraries. The e-books
  mainly purchased by our library will be open to
  county library under authentication. Services to
  seven provinces, such as Sichuan, Guangxi, Shanxi
  etc are provided now.

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?? Thank You
????? Digital
Library Management Division
2007?2?8? Feb. 8,
2007