Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

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Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

• Anderson Coates
• Michael Mastropole

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Discovery

• Three initial outbreaks
• 1976 in Sudan
• E. Sudan
• 1976 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
• E. Zaire
• 1979 in Sudan
• E. Sudan
• Outbreak occurred in the same factory as first
  outbreak

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Virus Strains

• 5 different strains
• E. Sudan
• E. Zaire
• E. Ivory Coast
• Only one confirmed case
• E. Reston
• Non pathogenic to humans
• E. Bundibugyo

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Ebola virus

• Member of Filoviridae
• Pleomorphic
• RNA virus
• Genome has seven open reading frames
• Code for structural proteins, glycoproteins,
  nucleoproteins, and polymerase

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Transmission

• Through blood to blood contact
• Undersupplied and undertrained health-care staff
• Reusing needles and bloody gloves in hospitals

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Natural Reservoir

• Currently unknown
• Sub-Saharan Africa non-human primate population
• Possibly local bat population

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Symptoms (Days 1-10)

• Replication period
• Inside the bodys monocytes, macrophages, and
  dendritic cells
• No visible symptoms, but contagious

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Symptoms (Days 11-14)

• Body recognizes infection and responds
• fever, headache, muscle pain, conjunctivitis, and
  abdominal pain
• Virus attaches to blood vessel walls

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Symptoms (Days 15-19)

• Virus attacks connective tissue
• Blood pools under skin
• nausea, blood in vomit and diarrhea, and
  hemorrhaging from the mouth, nose, and other body
  openings
• Hypovolemic shock causing death

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Ebola Documentary Trailer

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vA0n5dLiBJL8

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Sources

• (2009). ViralZone. Retrieved Apr. 9, 2010, from
  Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Switzlerland.
  Web site http//www.expasy.ch/viralzone/all_by_sp
  ecies/23.html.
• (2009). Questions and Answers about Ebola
  Hemorrhagic Fever. Retrieved Apr. 8, 2010, from
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
  Atlanta,GA. Web site http//www.cdc.gov/ncidod/
  dvrd/Spb/mnpages/dispages/ebola/qa. htm.
• (2010). Syndromic Surveillance as an Early
  Warning System for Biological Attacks. Retrieved
  Apr. 8, 2010, from Medscape CME. Web site
  http//cme.medscape.com/viewarticle/456526_11.