BIOMETRICS

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BIOMETRICS

• By
• Lt Cdr V Pravin
• 05IT6019

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BIOMETRICS

• Forget passwords ...
• Forget pin numbers ...
• Forget all your security concerns ...

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BIOMETRICS

• Introduction
• General system
• Finger Print
• Iris
• Performance Application
• Conclusion

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WHAT IS BIOMETRICS?

• Automated method
• Pattern recognition system
• Specific physiological or behavioral
  characteristics

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WHY USE IT?

• Traditional methods involving passwords and PIN
  numbers
• Biometrics highest level of security

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CHARACTERISTICS USED

• Fingerprints
• Voiceprints
• Facial features
• Writing patterns
• Iris patterns
• Hand geometry

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BIOMETRIC SYSTEM

• Data Collection
• Transmission
• Signal Processing
• Data Storage
• Decision

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BIOMETRIC SYSTEM
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HOW IT WORKS

• The hardware captures the salient human
  characteristic
• The software interprets the resulting data and
  determines acceptability.

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FINGER PRINT

• Oldest form of Biometrics
• Highly Reliable
• Uses distinctive features of fingers

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FINGERPRINT

• Finger-scan biometrics is based on the
  distinctive characteristics of the human
  fingerprint
• A fingerprint image is read from a capture device
  
• Features are extracted from the image
• A template is created for comparison

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FINGER PRINT RECOGNITION

• Global features
• Local features

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GLOBAL FEATURES

• Pattern Area
• Core Point
• Delta
• Line types
• Ridge Count
• Ridge Patterns

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BASIC RIDGE PATTERNS

• Loop
• Arch
• Whorl

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LOOP, ARCH AND WHORL
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STAGES

• Fingerprint Scanning
• Fingerprint Matching
• Identification

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FINGERPRINT SCANNING

• Its the acquisition and recognition of a
• persons fingerprint characteristics for
• identification purposes

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IMAGE CAPTURE

• Optical
• Thermal
• Capacitance
• Ultra Sound

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IMAGE ACQUISITON
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MINUTIA MATCHING
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BRIDGE CODE
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SPUR CODE
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PROCESS
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PROCESS
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FINGERPRINT PC LOCK
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FINGERPRINT DOOR LOCK

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IRIS RECOGINITION
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IRIS RECOGNITION

• Pattern recognition technique
• Identification by mathematical analysis of
  the random patterns.
• Based upon the qualities of the Iris

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• Iris is a protected internal organ whose
  random texture is stable throughout life

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IRIS PROPERTIES

• High degree of Randomness
• No two Iris are alike
• Stable in a persons life
• Doesn't vary with changes

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IRIS SCAN

• Camera at close proximity
• Captures photograph
• Uses Infra red light to illuminate
• High resolution photograph

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IRIS SCAN IMAGE
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IRIS CODE

• Localization of inner and outer boundaries
• Pattern of 512 bytes
• Complete and Compact description
• More complete than features of DNA

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IRIS SYTEM
Uniform distribution
Stored templates
Reject
Pre processing
Feature-extraction
Identification Verification
Accept
Iris scan image capture
Iris localization
Iris code
comparison
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IRIS RECOGNITION

• Database of millions of records
• Iris code generated is compared
• Searching algorithm based on Properties of Iris
• Order of a few seconds

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AVIATION IRIS DEVICES
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BIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE

• FAR
• The FAR is the chance that someone other than
  you is granted access to your account.
• Low false acceptance rate is most important
  when security is the priority

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BIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE

• FRR
• The FRR is the probability that are not
  authenticated to access your account.
• A low FRR is required when convenience is the
  important factor

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FINGERPRINT PERFORMANCE

• FAR - As low as 1 in 1,000,00
• FRR around 4

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IRIS PERFORMANCE

• FAR - As low as 1 in 1,000,000
• FRR around 2

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APPLICATIONS

• Criminal identification
• Prison security
• ATM
• Aviation security
• Border crossing controls
• Database access

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SOME BIOMETRICS STILL IN DEVELOPMENT

• Scent
• Ear Shape
• Finger nail bed
• Facial 3D

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REFERENCES

• www.biometix.com
• www.biomet.org
• www.owlinvestigation.com
• www.ddl.ision.co.uk
• www.zdnetindia.com/techzone/resources
• www.biodata.com.au

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