Risk Factors for Falls - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 27
About This Presentation
Title:

Risk Factors for Falls

Description:

... calluses, etc. Hallux valgus Bunions Toenail problems Intrinsic Risk Factors Gait Slow velocity (.45 m/sec fallers vs. .55 m/sec non-fallers) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:217
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 28
Provided by: chhdgrant0
Category:
Tags: factors | falls | hallux | risk | valgus

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Risk Factors for Falls


1
Risk Factors for Falls
Courtney Hall, PT, PhD Atlanta VAMC Emory
University
2
Risk Factors for Falls
  • Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic
  • Interaction/Combination
  • of the two

3
Populations Differ
  • Young-Old
  • 60-75 yrs.
  • Community- dwelling
  • Extrinsic factors
  • Old-Old
  • gt75 yrs.
  • Homebound or institutional dwelling
  • Intrinsic factors

4
Intrinsic Risk Factors
  • Medical
  • Number of diagnosis
  • Medications their interactions
  • Substance abuse

5
Intrinsic Risk Factors
  • Cognitive
  • Allocation of attention
  • Awareness of abilities limitations
  • Judgment

6
Intrinsic Risk Factors
  • Emotional
  • Depression

7
Intrinsic Risk Factors
  • Sensory loss
  • Somatosensory
  • Vision
  • Vestibular

8
Intrinsic Risk Factors
  • Central Processing
  • Perception of position in space
  • Anticipatory postural adjustments
  • Reaction time

9
Intrinsic Risk Factors
  • Central Processing
  • Responses
  • Selection of strategies
  • Sequencing
  • Scaling

10
Intrinsic Risk Factors
  • Musculo-Skeletal
  • Strength
  • Range of motion
  • Endurance
  • Posture (alignment)

11
Intrinsic Risk Factors
  • Condition of the feet
  • Corns, calluses, etc.
  • Hallux valgus
  • Bunions
  • Toenail problems

12
Intrinsic Risk Factors
  • Gait
  • Slow velocity
  • (.45 m/sec fallers vs. .55 m/sec non-fallers)
  • Increased double support time
  • Weaving, wobbling, etc
  • Difficulty with starts, stops, turns

13
Extrinsic Risk Factors
  • Environmental
  • Surface
  • Visual
  • Timing demands

14
Extrinsic Risk Factors
  • Social
  • Living alone
  • Socially isolated

15
Extrinsic Risk Factors
  • Activity Level
  • Active vs. sedentary
  • Prior experience

16
Extrinsic Risk Factors
  • Recent history of falls
  • Two or more falls within the last six months
  • Unintentionally coming to rest on the floor
  • Caution - need to know activity level, too!

17
Home Safety Evaluations
18
EXTERIOR
  • STEPS
  • In good repair
  • Nonslip surfaces
  • Edges marked
  • Handrails on both sides
  • Handrails securely fastened

19
EXTERIOR
  • WALKWAYS
  • Level
  • Non-slip surfaces
  • Free of objects to be tripped over
  • Sufficient lighting

20
INTERIOR
  • LIGHTING
  • Bright enough
  • Glare-free
  • Light switches available before entering room
  • RUGS/CARPETS
  • Non-slip backing
  • Edges taped or tacked down
  • Minimal padding

21
INTERIOR
  • TRIP HAZARDS
  • Clutter
  • Low-lying objects
  • Cords
  • SEATING
  • Chair heights
  • Chairs strong enough
  • Armrests
  • No wheels

22
KITCHEN
  • Store commonly used items within reach
  • Step stool-not chair
  • Non-slip floors
  • Non-slip mat near sink area to absorb spilled
    water

23
BATHROOM
  • Doors wide enough
  • Thresholds
  • Floors slippery when wet?
  • Skid-proof strips/mats in tub
  • Grab bars available/securely fastened
  • Appropriate toilet height

24
BEDROOM
  • Night lights/bedside lamps
  • Clear pathway to bathroom
  • Bed height
  • Closet storage easily reached without standing on
    tiptoe or chair?
  • Telephone accessible

25
CONSIDERATIONS
  • Be cautious when making home modifications
  • If a hazardous situation is rarely/never
    encountered, is change necessary?
  • Predictability lowers risk unfamiliar
    surroundings heighten it

26
Remember
  • Most falls result from an interaction
  • of intrinsic extrinsic risk factors

27
The greater the number of risk factors present,
the greater the likelihood of falls.
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com