Integumentary System

1
Integumentary System

• Chapter 5

2
Combining Forms for the Integumentary System

• adip/o adiposislip/o lipomasteat/o steatoma
• dermo/o hypodermicdermat/o dermatologycutane/o
  subcutaneous

3
Combining Forms forthe Integumentary System

• erythr/o erythrodermatitis
• hidr/o anhidrosis
• hist/o histologyhistio/o histiogenic

4
Combining Forms forthe Integumentary System

• ichthy/o ichthyoid
• kerat/o keratosisscler/o scleroderma
• leuk/o leukonychia

5
Combining Forms forthe Integumentary System

• melan/o melanocyte
• myc/o mycosis
• onych/o onychodystrophy
• plas/o dysplastic

6
Combining Forms forthe Integumentary System

• purpur/o purpuric
• seb/o seborrhea
• squam/o squamous

7
Combining Forms forthe Integumentary System

• trich/o trichorrhexis
• xer/o xerosis
• xanth/o xanthoma

8
Integumentary System Overview

• Composed of skin (integument), and its appendages
  (hair, nails, sweat glands and sebaceous glands)
• Protects body for injury or intrusion of
  microorganisms
• Helps regulate body temperature
• Houses receptors for sense of touch

9
Skin

• Largest organ in the body
• Divided into an outer layer and an inner layer
• epidermis outer layer
• dermis (corium) inner layer

10
The Skin
(continued)
11
Epidermis

• Consists of several layers of stratified squamous
  (scale like) epithelium
• basal layer innermost layer
• basal cells are constantly being pushed up,
  moving older cells to the surface
• melanocytes produce pigment (melanin) which
  gives color to the skin
• squamous layer outermost layer

12
Dermis (Corium)

• Connective tissue layer
• Contains
• blood and lymphatic vessels
• nerve and nerve endings
• glands
• hair follicles
• network of elastic and collagen fibers (gives
  skin elasticity and toughness)

13
Subcutaneous Layer

• Layer below the dermis
• Composed of loose connective tissue and adipose
  (fatty) tissue

14
Lesions

• Areas of pathologically altered tissue
• Two types
• Primary
• Primary lesions are physical changes in the skin
  considered to be caused directly by the disease
  process. Types of primary lesions are rarely
  specific to a single disease entity.
• Secondary
• Secondary lesions may evolve from primary
  lesions, or may be caused by external forces such
  as scratching, trauma, infection, or the healing
  process. The distinction between a primary and
  secondary lesion is not always clear.

15
Primary Lesions pg 111-112

• Lesions arising from previously normal skin
• Flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color macule,
  patch
• Elevated, palpable, solid mass papule, wheal
• Elevation formed by fluid within a cavity
• vesicle, bulla, pustule
• link

16
Secondary Lesions pg112-114

• Lesions that result in changes in primary lesions
• Types
• Loss of skin surface erosion, ulcer,
  excoriation, fissure
• Material on skin surface scale, crust
• Other secondary lesions
• keloid, nevus, verruca

Link
17
Secondary Lesions contd
Vascular Lesions

• Lesions of a blood vessel (also a secondary
  lesion)
• cherry angioma round, bright red blood vessel
  tumor often seen on trunk
• telangiectasia (spider angioma) radiate from
  central arteriole most often found on face, neck
  or chest

18
Secondary Lesions contd
Purpuric Lesions

• Lesions as a result of hemorrhages in the skin
• petechia minute hemorrhagic spot indicates a
  bleeding tendency
• ecchymosis bruise

19
Secondary Lesions contd
Epidermal Tumors

• Skin tumors arising from the epidermis
• dysplastic nevus mole with precancerous changes
• verruca wart caused by a virus