Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

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Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
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Anatomy and Physiology

• Anatomy
• ana
• tome
• Morphology
• Physiology
• physis
• logos

• Why study them together?
• Principle of Complimentarity
• Form follows function
• Hand formed with jointed fingers in order to grab
  and hold.
• Bones function to support and protect therefore
  they are formed from rigid minerals.
• What professions would need to have a background
  in A P?

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Anatomy and Physiology Structure meets Function

• Anatomy Structure of the human body different
  levels of the science of anatomy
• Gross
• Regional
• Systemic
• Surface
• Microscopic
• developmental

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• Physiology looks at HOW specific systems work
• Focuses on cellular and molecular levels
• Uses other branches of science
• Subdivisions
• Neurophysiology
• Renal physiology
• kinesiology

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Levels of Structural Organization

• Hierarchy of structural design to the human body
  (figure 1.3 p. 4)
• Chemical (atomic)
• Cellular
• Tissue
• Organ
• Organ system
• Organism

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Characteristics of Life p. 4

• Consider traits that humans share with other
  organisms.
• Movement
• Responsiveness
• Growth
• Reproduction
• Respiration

• (contd)
• Digestion
• Absorption
• Circulation
• Assimilation
• excretion

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Maintaining Life p. 5

• Requirements
• heat
• food
• water
• oxygen
• pressure

• Homeostasis
• Ability to maintain a constant internal
  environment
• Done through a number of self-regulating control
  systems

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Elimination Why

• Absorption
• Stomach
• Kidneys
• Excretion
• Urinary system
• Eliminate one of the words from the list and
  explain why it does not belong.

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Characteristic Body covering Organ System 1.integumentary Function 1.Protect underlying tissue, regulate body, temp, house sensory receptors
Support Movement 1.Skeltal system 2.Muscular system 1.Provides framework and protects 2.Generates heat, maintains posture, movement
Integration Coordination 1.Nervous system 2. Endocrine System 1. Takes in data, processes data 2. Provides chemical messengers
Transport 1.Cardiovascular system 2. Lymphatic System 1. Transports gases, nutrients, and wastes 2. Reabsorbs tissue fluid
Absorption Excretion 1.Digestive system 2.Respiratory system 3. Urinary system 1.Breaks down nutrients 2. Gas exchange 3. Remove waste and maintain electrolyte balance
Reproduction Female Male 1. Reproductive system 1. Produces new organism
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Organization of the Human Body

• Define the following terms. Terms are located on
  pp. 8-11.
• Axial
• Appendicular
• Parietal
• Visceral
• Pleural membranes
• Pericardial membranes
• Peritoneal membranes

• The following terms are listed on p. 14.
• Anatomical position
• Superior
• Inferior
• Anterior
• Posterior
• Medial
• Lateral
• Proximal
• Distal
• Superficial (peripheral)
• Deep

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Rules for drawings.

• Each drawing should be
• Head each sheet with your name, due date, and
  period
• Done in pencil
• Colored
• On a separate piece of paper
• Labeled with the figure number, page number,
  title and description.
• COMPLETE

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Draw, label, and turn in the following

• Figure 1.8 (a) and (b) p. 9 Major body cavities.
• Figure 1.9 p. 10 Cavities within the head
• Figure 1.13 p. 15 Body sections
• Figure 1.16 p. 17 (a) and (b) Body regions