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Plant Taxonomy

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Title: Plant Taxonomy


1
Plant Taxonomy
?????
???? ? ?
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2
???????
??????????????,????????????????????????????,??
???????? ???????? ???36??
???18?? ???18??(??????)

3
? ?????
?????? ???? ????(??) ?????? ? ????????
??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????????
4
?????
  • ??? ? ?
  • ??? ??????
  • ??? ???????
  • ??? ???????

5
??? ? ?
????????????? ????????? ?????????
???????????? ???????
6
?????????????
1????????????????????????,??????,????????????????
?????
2????????????????????????
3???????????,??????????????,??????,?????????????,
???????????????????????
7
?????????
(?)???????? (?)???????? (?)???????? (?)??????????
8
?????????
1?????? (???????????)
2?????? (1)?????(??????) (2)????? (3)?????
(4)????? (5)????? (6)??????????
(7)?????(??????,DNA??)
9
????????????(????)
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? Regnum
Kingdom ? Divisio
Division ? Classis
Class ? Ordo
Order ?
Familia Family ?
Genus Genus ?
Species Species
10
??? Oryza sativa L.
?.??? Plantae ?..????? Spermatophyta
?..?????? Monocotyledoneae ?..???
Graminales ?..??? Gramineae
?...?? Oryza ?...? Oryza
sativa L.
11
??? Coptis chinensis Franch.
?..??? Plantae ?..????? Spermatophyta
?..?????? Dicotyledoneae ?...???
Ranales ?...??? Ranunculaceae
?...??? Coptis ??? Coptis
chinensis Franch.
12
?(species)
????????????,??????????,???????????????????(????)?
??(subspecies ??subsp.) ??????????,????????,??????
????????,????????,?????????????
??(??)???(??)???
???2???
13
??(varietas ?? var.)
??????????,????????,??????,????????????,??????????
??????
?? Capsicum annuum L. ?? C.annuum var.grossum
(L.) Sendt. ??? C.annuum var.conoidea (Mill.)Irish
14
??(forma ?? f.)
???????????,???????????????,???????,???????
15
??( cultivar ?? cv.)
?????????,???????????,????????????????????????
???????,??????????????????,???????,?????,??????,??
???????
16
???????
?????????????,????????????????????????(??)?
(?)??? ?????????????,???????(????????),????????(??
)???????????????????????? ?? Oryza sativa L. ??
Ginkgo biloba L. ? Prunus salicina Lindl. ??
P. mume (Sieb.) Sieb.et Zucc.
17
??????
?? Rosa chinensis ??? Helianthus annuus ??
Eucommia ulmoides ??? Ormosia hosiei ?? Davidia
involucrata ?? Magnolia officinalis ?? Triticum
aestivum ?? Cinnamomum camphora ??(??)Osmanthus
fragrans ?? Narcissus tazetta var.chinensis
18
(?)???????????
(1)??????,???????et, ?????,??????et
al.? ?????? Roegneria tenuispica J.L.Yang
et Y.H.Zhou (2)??????????ex,????
????????,??????,?? ?????????????? ?????
Rhododendron forrestii Balf.ex Diels.
19
(3)????????????????,???????????,???????,?????????,
???????
?????? Roegneria magnicaespis (D.F.Cui) L.B.Cai
----Elymus magnicaespis D.F.Cui
20
(?)??????????
1?????????????? 2????????1???????? 3?????????????
4??????????????????????,?????????????? 5????
21
???? ? ??
? ?
22
(?)????????(18?????)
??????????????????????
???????????????1195?,???????????????5??
????????????????????11?
??
????????6?
23
(?)????????(18????-19???)
?? (Linnaeus) 1737????????,?????????????????????
?????,???????????,??????????? ????????? ????? ?
????
??????? ???? ?????????
?????????????????????????????
24
?????????
?? (Linnaeus) ?1737???????,???????????????(?????
??)?????24?
?1-13???????? ?14-20??????
(??????????)??????????????????? ?21-23??????(??
?????????????)?? ?24??????
??
25
(?)????????
1859?,???????????? ?????????,?????????????????????
????????? ???(A.Engler)?? ???(J.Hutchinson)?? ????
(A.Takhtajan)?? ?????(A.Cronquist)??
??
26
(?)??????????
???,??????????????????????????(1918-1921,????11?,?
?15????)? ???????1922,??????????
1927,?????????? 1928,???????1929,???????????? ??
?,1950,??????????,????????????????,???????????????
????????
???? ????????????????????? ??????????? ??????
??????
? ?
27
?????(??????)
1.???????????? 2.???????
(1)??????? (2)???? (3)??????
(4)???????? 3.??????
????????????????(1)????????(2)???????????(3)???
????(4)??????????,?????????????
? ?
28
?????
??????????,?????????(????????) ,?????????????
??????????????????? ??????????????????(????)????(
?????)?????? ????????????????????????????????
??????????????????? ?????????????????????????????
??DNA??????????????????
? ?
29
? ? ? ? ?
? ?
30
? ? ? ? ?
????????,??????(???????????????????)???,????????,?
???????????,??????????????
31
??????????
1.??????(??????) 2.???? (50???,??100???) 3.?????(?
??????????????????????) 4.??????????? 5.?????????(
??????????) 6.????(????) 7. ??????????????????
? ?
32
??????????
60???,?????????????????? ????????? 1.??????
2.P-??? 3.??????
4.??????? ????????? 1.???????
2.????? 3.???????? 4.???????
? ?
33
? ? ? ? ?
????(Roegneria)???RAPD??(OPD-20)
10?????(Elymus)?RAPD??(OPR-16)
? ?
34
????????????
?????(Paeonia)??????????????????,??????,??????,??
?,???????????????????,????????????(Paeoniaceae) ?
???????,???????,?????x5,???????????????,?????????
??????
? ?
35
Kengyilia gobicola ??????
? ?
36
?? Coptis chinensis Franch.
? ?
37
????????
?(????)Oryza sativa L. a. ??(??)Oryza
sativa L. subsp. Sativa Oryza sativa
L. subsp. japonica ????,?????????,??????,
????????????????????????,?????,?????????????
b. ??(??) Oryza sativa L. subsp. indica
??????????,????????????????????????????,????
??,?????????????
? ?
38
???2???
??Cannabis sativa L. 1? subsp. Sativa
????,??????? 2?subsp.indica
????,????????????
? ?
39
?? Ginkgo biloba L.
? ?
40
? ? ? ? ?
? ?
41
?????????
???????????????,?????????,????? ???????????? ???
?? ????? ??????
42
???????
??????(???????????) ???????????,??????????????
????????????? ??????(????????????)
?????????????????????????????????
43
??????(??????) ?????????????????????2??????,??
???????1?,?????????? ???????(??????)
??????????????????????????????,????????????,??????
??????????????????????,??l???????????
44
??????(??????) ??????????????????????????????,
???????? ?????? ????????????????????????????
?,???????????????????????????? ????????
???????????????,?????????????????????,???????,????
???,?????????????,??????????
? ?
45
? ? ? ?
??????????,????????????,??????????????????????????
??? ????????????????????????????????????????,?????
?????,?????
46
? ? ? ?
1935?1?1??,???(??????1958?1?1??)??????,l??????????
,???????????????,???????????????????????,?????????
,??????? ????? ????? ??????
? ?
47
? ? ? ?
???? Cruciferae Brassiaceae ? ?
Leguminosae Fabraceae ???? Umbelliferae
Apiaceae ??? Labiattae Lemiaceae ? ?
Compositae Asteraceae ??? Graminneae
Poaceae ??? Palmae Arecaceae
? ?
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