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WIRELESS NETWORKS: EVOLUTION FROM 1G TO 4G

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ITU IMT-2000 Family of 3G 7. UTRA FDD 8. UTRA TDD 9. CDMA-2000-MC 10. UWC-136 11. UMTS Architecture 12. Core Issues 13. 4G Wireless Technology 14. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: WIRELESS NETWORKS: EVOLUTION FROM 1G TO 4G


1
WIRELESS NETWORKSEVOLUTION FROM 1G TO 4G
  • By
  • Mr. Sanjay N Makwana
  • Exam No. 5010
  • Under the guidance of
  • Prof. K.R.Parmar

2
OUTLINE
  • 1. Cellular System Concept
  • 2. First Generation Analog Wireless Cellular
    System
  • 3. 2G Digital Wireless System
  • 4. 2.5G Wireless Mobile Technology
  • 5. Third Generation System
  • 6. ITU IMT-2000 Family of 3G
  • 7. UTRA FDD
  • 8. UTRA TDD
  • 9. CDMA-2000-MC
  • 10. UWC-136
  • 11. UMTS Architecture
  • 12. Core Issues
  • 13. 4G Wireless Technology
  • 14. Conclusion

3
CELLULAR SYSTEM CONCEPT
4
First Generation Analog Wireless Cellular System
  • Transmit only analog voice information
  • Use FDMA Access Technology which uses 30 KHz
    channels of spectrum each carrying one Telephone
    ckt.
  • Types of Analog Cellular System
  • 1. AMPS (Advance Mobile Phone Service)
  • -First introduced in U.S.
  • - 30 KHz radio channel,824MHz to 849 MHz
    Uplink freq. and 869 to 894 MHz downlink, Provide
    832 channels
  • 2. TACS (Totol Access Communication System)
  • - First Introduced in U.K. in 1985,Use 25
    KHz radio channel
  • - 890 to 915 MHz uplink and 869 to 894
    MHz downlink freq.

5
  • 3. NMT ( Nordic Mobile Telephone)
  • - Developed by telecommunication
    administrations of Nordic countries
  • - NMT-450 use lower frequency(450 MHz) and
    high Transmitting power
  • - NMT-900 use higher frequency and low
    transmitting power
  • - Radio channel is of 25 KHz
  • 4. NAMPS ( Narrowband AMPS )
  • - Introduced by Motorola in 1991
  • - Use 10 KHz BW for radio channel

6
  • 5. JMCS ( Japanese mobile Cellular System )
  • - First Launched by Japan in 197
  • - MCS-L1 operate in 800 MHz band, Channel BW
    25 KHz
  • -MCS-L2 operate in 800 MHz band and channel
    BW is 12.5 KHz
  • 6. CNET
  • - First started in Germany in 1985
  • - operate at 450 MHz and channel BW is 20
    KHz
  • 7. MATS-E
  • - Combined many of the features used in
    different cellular system
  • - Used in France and Kuwait

7
2G Digital Wireless System
  • It use digital radio signals
  • 1G and 2G both use digital signaling to connect
    radio tower to rest of telephone system
  • Main 2G technologies are TDMA,CDMA and GSM
  • GSM utilizes wider band(200 KHz) carrier
    frequencies and each support 8 time slots

8
  • Advantages
  • 1. Due to digital error checking, sound quality
    is increased
  • 2. Allowed digital data services like SMS and
    email
  • 3. Digital system emit less power so more cells
    could be placed in same amount of space
  • Disadvantages
  • 1. Weaker digital signal will not reach a cell
    tower in less populous area
  • 2. Under worse condition digital has
    occasional dropout

9
2.5G Wireless Mobile Technology
  • It enable high speed data transfer over upgraded
    existing 2G network by sending data as packets at
    very fast speed
  • 2.5G use two technology
  • 1. GPRS ( General Packet Radio Service )
  • - It is packet linked technology that
    enable high-speed wireless internet
  • - Implemented by adding new packet data
    nodes and upgrading existing node to provide
    routing path for packet data between mobile and
    gateway node

10
  • 2. EDGE ( Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
    )
  • - Uses same TDMA frame structure and
    200 KHz carrier bandwidth as todays GSM networks
    using high level modulation
  • - Quaternary- Offset QAM has been
    proposed because It provide higher data rates and
    good spectral efficiency

11
Third Generation System
  • ITU has defined the demands for third generation
    mobile network with IMT-2000 standard. System
    that fulfils IMT-2000 standard is UMTS
  • 3G networks are wide area cellular telephone
    network evolved to incorporate high speed
    internet access
  • 3G uses 0.5 MHz channel carrier width to deliver
    higher data rates and increased capacity

12
  • 3G cellular services known as UMTS or IMT-2000
    has following main characteristics
  • - A single family of compatible standard that
    can be used worldwide
  • - Support for both packet-switched and
    circuit switched data transmission
  • - Data rates up to 2 Mbps ( In stationary
    mode)
  • - High spectrum efficiency

13
Services and Speed
14
ITU IMT-2000 family of 3G
15
UTRA FDD
16
UTRA TDD
17
CDMA-2000-MC
18
UWC-136
19
UMTS Architecture
20
Core issues
  • Expensive input fee for service licenses
  • Expense of 3G phones
  • Lack of buy-in by 2G mobile users for new 3G
    service
  • Lack of coverage because it is still a new
    service
  • Lack of member state support for financially
    troubled operators

21
4G Wireless Technology
  • This technology is expected to be available by
    2010
  • 4G being developed with following objectives
  • - Speeds up to 50 times higher than 3G
  • - To accomplish multi-service capacity
    integrating all the mobile technologies that
    exist
  • - This network must be available to users
    ant time, anywhere
  • - Low bit cost is essential where high
    volume of data are transmitted
  • To be able to use 4G mobile networks, mobile
    terminal must be able to choose from available
    wireless networks the one to use with specific
    service
  • Terminal mobility is key factor to the success of
    4G network

22
CONCLUSION
  • The explosive growth of mobile wireless usage and
    ever increasing need for high-speed data services
    accelerated the need for the deployment of 3G
    technologies

23
References
  • Mischa Schwartz, Mobile Wireless Communication
    Cambridge Press Publication
  • Dr. Ingwolfgang Granzow, Lecture on 3rd
    Generation Mobile communication System (year
    2000)
  • Josue Valencia, Paper on 3G Wireless
    Technologies (year 2000)
  • Ben Patterson, Paper on 3G Cell Phone Services
    (year 2008)
  • http//en,wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title1G
  • http//en,wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title2G
  • http//en,wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title3G
  • http//en,wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title4G

24
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