Biotechnology and Bioindustry in China

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Biotechnology and Bioindustry in China

• Dr. Yinhong Zhao
• China National Centre for Biotechnology
  Development (CNCBD)
• Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) China

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Main Topics
1. Policy and Approaches 2. Priorities and Key
Technologies 3. Biological resources 4. Talents
and Organizations 5. Achievements 6.
Bio-safety 6. Biotechnology Industry 8.
Administration of BT and BI
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BT, BI, BE in the World

• Biotechnology (BT) is the largest field of RD in
  many countries
• Biotechnology industry (BI) is becoming the
  growing point of the economy
• Biotechnology economy (BE) will be the next new
  economy of the world

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The Chinese government has made great efforts on
research and development of biotechnology and its
industrializationBiotechnology research and
development area is the largest priority in
China.Bioindustry is rising abruptly.
Biotechnology Situation in China
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1. Policy and Approaches

• The key approach for biotechnology development is
  to
• encourage innovation and progress of BT
• very prudently promote biotechnology
• promote sustainability of economy by BE
• ensure the bio-safety

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2. Priorities and Key Technologies

• The priority research areas
• basic biology, biomedicine, bioagriculture,
  bioenvironmental technology, biodiversity and
  biosafety etc.
• The key technologies
• functional genome, proteome, biochips, tissue
  engineering, bioreactors of animals and plants,
  gene engineering pharmaceutical and vaccines,
  gene therapy and the transgenic technology of
  animals and plants, bio-pesticide,
  bio-fertilizer, bio-safety and others.

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3. China is one of the countries with the richest
biological resources and diversity

• Territory length is about 5200 km from east to
  west, 5500 km from north to south
• coastline of mainland is over 18000 km
• area of land is about 9.6 million km2
• A vast territory stretching from the cold
  zone,the temperate zone to the tropics
• The inland sea level altitudes from -155 to 8848
  meters

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3. China is one of the countries with the richest
biological resources and diversity
Mother of World Garden

• Approximately 0.26 million species of animals,
  plants and microbes.
• Over 30,000 species for plants, 200,000 species
  for animals, 30,000 species for microorganisms.

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3. China is one of the countries with the richest
biological resources and diversity

• 3,000 family species of the Chinese people
  related with major illness collected
• 0.32 million units of idioplasmatic resources of
  crops collected

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4. Talents and Organizations

• Nearly 200 major biotechnology laboratories
• More than 20,000 technological and research
  personnel

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Expenditure

• Governmentabout 10 billion in the tenth
  five-year plan
• MOSTmore than 5.7 billion yuan
• 863 2.8 billion yuan
• 973 1.2 billion yuan(including national key
  laboratories)
• talents900 million yuan
• Special funding 800 million yuan
• CPC 1 billion yuan
• NSFC 1.5 billion yuan
• CAS 500 million yuan
• Local governments 1 billion yuan
• Enterprises 500 million yuan (estimated)

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5. Achievements in the field of Biotechnology in
China

• basic research
• agriculture
• pharmaceuticals
• environment and energy
• application in industry

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5-1 Achievements in basic research

• 1 human genomic research
• Sequencing of the whole rice genome (9311)
• Cloning of disease-related genes to neural
  deafness
• Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II (DGI-II)
• Cloning of cattle, lamb, rabbit, mouse

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5-2 Achievements in agriculture

• Two-line hybrid rice
• Disease-resistant wheat powdery mildew, yellow
  dwarf disease, wheat scab
• Insect-resistant rice
• Transgenic cow, fish, lamb, pig and rabbit
• Biological pesticide BT insecticide
• Biofertilizer recombinant nitrogen-fixing
  bacteria
• Biological forage additives phytase

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Food Supply and Population Increase
Biotechnology Provide Great Potential Hybrid
Rice 15 million ha. (more than 1/2 of
rice planting area in China) Yield
Increase 20
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5-2 Achievements in agriculture

• Transgenic crops commercialized
• Cotton, insect-resistant, Monsanto Co., USA
• Morning gloray, Peking Univ.
• Cotton, insect-resistant, CAAS
• Cotton, insect-resistant (double-resistant), CAAS

Planting area of Bt-Cotton increases steadily.
in tHa
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China is the 2nd country which possess a
complete set of production techniques of
insect-resistant transgenic cotton. Farmers
increased their incomes for 60 million US by
planting BT cotton in the last five years.
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Disease-resistant, insect-resistant,
herbicide-tolerant rice varieties and
rapid-growing carp can be commercialized at right
moment.
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GMO approvals in China
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Mammary gland bioreactor is being developed.
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Biofertilizer

• A 10,000-ton production line has been set up to
  produce DNA-recombinant nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
• 5 DNA-recombinant microbial preparations like
  vaccines for domesticable animals and 3 microbial
  insecticides such as trans-BT gene microbial
  preparations have already been authorized.

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5-3 Achievements in pharmaceuticals

• 21 various drugs and vaccines have been
  commercialized.
• About 150 drugs are in clinical trials.
• 6 genetic solutions, and 6 tissue engineering
  products like bone, cartilage, skin, ligament are
  in clinical trials.

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Recombinant Drugs and Vaccines in China
IFN-?1b IFN-?2a IFN-?2b IFN-? IL-2 GM-CSF G-CSF SK
EPO EGF
FGF Derivatives bFGF Insulin GH TPO TNF
Derivatives Gene Engineering Cell Preparation of
Thymide Kinase Hepatitis B Vaccine Dysentery
Vaccine
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Bioproducts Approved for Clinical Trial in China
rhEGF rhEGF derivatives rhEGF derivatives for
external use rhGF for injection rb bFGF (fused
protein) eye ointment rh bFGF for external
use rhEPO Recombinant human histologic
plasminogen activator for injection rSK for
injection rhIL-2 for injection rhIL-2(125Ser) for
injection rhIL-11 rhIL-3 for injection Recombinant
hepatitis B vaccine Recombinant
adenovirus-P53(SBN-1) for injection against cancer
New type rhTNF for injection rhTNF-? derivatives
for injection Gene engineering cell preparation
of Thymidine Kinase Recombinant
staphylokinase Lyophilized human fibrin adhesive
for external use rhTPO for injection rhIFN-?1b Pol
ylycol recombinant human mega-karyocyte growth
factor for injection rhIFN-?1b vagina
effervescent rhIFN-?2a rhIFN-?2a for injection
(excretion expression) rhIFN-?2a for injection
(yeast) rhIFN-?2b rhIFN-? for injection
rhIFN-?2b for injection (yeast)
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5-4 Biotechnology in environment and energy

• China has started research programs concerning
• the alcohol fuel,
• control of water pollution,
• garbage disposal,
• greenery of barren mountains, desert
• others.

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5-5 Application of biotechnology in industry

• Many important industrial chemicals like
  polypropylene amide, glycerol, DC12, DC13 are
  produced by means of microbial fermentation in
  place of the traditional chemosynthesis method.
• The production capacity of polypropylene amide
  almost reaches 10,000 ton level.

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6. The Chinese government highly
attaches great importance to bio-safety
Regulations followed have been issued

• 1993 Safety Administration Regulation Genetic
  Engineering
• The State Science and Technology Commission
• 1996 The Administrative Policy on the Bio-safety
  of the Genetic Engineering in Agriculture
• The Ministry of Agriculture
• 2001 Management Regulations on the Transgenic
  Beings in Agriculture
• The State Council
• 2002 Management Policy on the Approval of
  Bio-safety of the Transgenic Beings in
  Agriculture,
• Management Policy on the
  Bio-safety of Import of the Transgenic Beings in
  
• Agriculture,
• Management Policy on Biological Signs
  of the Transgenic Beings in Agriculture .
• The Ministry of Agriculture

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Regulations followed will be issued

• Management Policy on the Human Genetic Resources
  (Temporary)
• The Ministry of Science and Technology
  (MOST)
• The Ministry of Health (MOH)
• The National Administration of
  Environmental Protection
• (NAEP)
• The National Frames of Bio-safety of
  China
• Other regulations or laws related to biosafety
  are being drafted out by MOST, NAEP, MOA, MOH
  etc.

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7. Biotechnology industry

• more than 20 bio parks
• Shanghai High-Tech Industry Development District
• Zhangjiang High-Tech Development Park
• Guangzhou International Bio-Island
• Zhongguanchun Life Science Park, Beijing
• Over 10 science parks in other provinces
• over 500 bio-enterprises
• biomedicine 300
• others 200

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Zhongguancun Life Science Park
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Shenzhen Life Science Park
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Sales of biotechnology products(in billion RMB
yuan)
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7.2 Advantages for Biotechnology Development in
China

• rich in biological resources
• plant 30 thousand species
• animal 200 thousand species
• microorganism 30 thousand species
• huge potential market
• large population, large demands
• for food, health, drug, energy, environment
  etc.
• talented personnel
• about ¼ scientific papers and patterns are
  contributed by Chinese scientists in the world

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8. The Administration of Biotechnology and
Bioindustry in China
Basic research
High-tech
Industrialization
NSF
NPC
MOST
GOVERNMENT
NETC
MOST
SEMI-GOVERNMENT
CNCBD
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Vision and Mission of China National Center for
Biotechnology Development (CNCBD)

• VISION
• To be the biggest in China of world first-class
  management and coordination centers for
  biotechnology and bio-industry
• To be a research center for biotechnology policy
• To be a center for project management, personnel
  training, and international information exchanges

• MISSION
• policy study
• program making
• project management
• technology consultant
• international cooperation
• association and society etc.

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Director General of CNCBD
Secretariat
Policy Division
Basic Biology Division
Biomedicine Division
Resource Biosafety Division
Bioagriculture Division
International Cooperation Division
Bioindustry Division
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Website
for the Ministry of Science and Technology
http//www.most.gov.cn
for CNCBD
http//www.cncbd.org.cn
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9. International Cooperation
With the globalization of economy,
scientific collaboration has become the main
stream of the development. China has made
great progress in national economy during the
past 20 years and we believe that international
cooperation will help us to achieve our further
goals.
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9. International Cooperation

• established active scientific cooperation and
  exchange programs with 152 countries
• signed the agreements with 96 countries for
  research collaboration
• CNCBD has signed collaborative agreement with
  European Federation of Biotechnology in project
  European Focus on Biotechnology in China.

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Thank You !