Citizenship in an Evolving Society

1

• Citizenship in an Evolving Society

2

• Changing Roles for Women
• In 1916, the provinces of AB, MB, and SK became
  the first provinces that allowed women the right
  to vote.
• Finally, in 1918, women across Canada gained the
  right to vote in federal elections
• Nellie McClung, a well-known activist
• for women's rights, helped make men
• and women equal under the law and gave
• women the right to vote
• What did this mean for First Nation women?

3

• Affirming Francophone Rights
• Canada became an official bilingual and
  bicultural country at the time of Confederation
  in 1867.
• However, in the 1960s Francophones grew
  dissatisfied with their situation in Canada, as
  the official bilingual and bicultural country
  did not deliver on its promises.
• From 1963 to 1971, Canadas Royal Commission on
  Bilingualism and Biculturalism, investigated and
  found that Francophones were NOT equal partners
  as Confederation has promised it would be.

4

• The Official Languages Act, 1969
• The Official Languages Act set out to correct
  these inequalities. It stated the government
  must
• Provide services in both English and French
• Employ both Anglophones and Francophones
• Later, in 1985, the prime minister of the day,
  Pierre Trudeau, decided to renew the agreement,
  again.
• By 1985 the government began to support French
  Immersion schools.

5

• Reactions to Bilingualism (page 349 351)
• Anglophone Voices

6

• Reactions to Bilingualism (page 349 351)
• Francophone Voices

7

• Reactions to Bilingualism (page 349 351)
• First Nations Voices

8

• Reactions to Bilingualism (page 349 351)
• Other Voices

9

• Fast-Growing Aboriginal Population in Western
  Canada
• Within Canada, Nunavut, Saskatchewan, Manitoba
  and Alberta have the fastest growing Aboriginal
  population
• About half of Aboriginals live on reserves, while
  the rapid population growth adds more pressure on
  the already high unemployment rate and limited
  access to education.
• Because of these pressures, many people leave
  reserves to seek jobs and education. They risk
  losing touch with their communities, languages,
  and culture.

10

• The Creation of Nunavut
• An agreement between the Inuit people of the
  eastern Arctic and Canadas government resulted
  in the creation of Nunavut in 1999.
• Nunavuts population is
• mostly Inuit, which enables
• them to secure traditional
• Inuit values into its
• programs and services

11

• Written Response (page 361)
• In the past and for many years, Canadas
  government pressured Aboriginal peoples in Canada
  to become citizens by assimilating by giving up
  their identity. How does the creation of Nunavut
  reflect a different idea of citizenship?

12

• Encouraging Immigration
• Since becoming a country in 1867, Canada has
  encouraged immigration.
• In the 1800s and 1900s we relied on immigration
  to settle the west.
• Today, Canada still relies on immigration to
  maintain is population, as we have such a low
  birth rate Why is this so?
• At times, however, Canadas immigration policies
  and treatment of immigrants have displayed racial
  discrimination.

13
Discriminatory Acts
From 1939 1945 (WWII) Canada interned persons
of Japanese and Italian descent. Why?
In 1900 Canadian law said visible minorities
could not vote in federal elections
In 1923, Canadian law stated that no Asian
persons could immigrate or work in Canada
From 1914 1918 (WWI), Canada interned (arrested
and jailed) any Canadians from European descent.
Why?
14

• Changing Technologies
• CBC/Radio-Canada
• Canadas government created the Canadian
  Broadcasting Corporation in 1936 because it
  wanted Canadians to have Canadian radio programs.
• It wanted to use radio to foster national spirit
  and interpret national citizenship in Canada.
• In 1958, CBC/Radio-Canada completed a microwave
  network linking Victoria to Halifax the longest
  microwave network in the world.
• In 1978, CBC/Radio-Canada became the first
  broadcaster in the world to use an orbiting
  satellite for TV service

15

• Changing Technologies
• CBC/Radio-Canada funds the development of
  Canadian radio and TV programs.
• Its programs can be found in English, French and
  several First Nations languages and in Inuktitut.
• CBC/Radio-Canada has also given Aboriginal
  producers support for developing original
  programming for TV. This support helped launch
  APTN (Aboriginal Peoples Television Network) in
  1999.

16

• The Impact of Urbanization
• Until the early 1900s in Canada, more people
  lived in rural areas than in cities.
• Starting in the 1920s, this changed. The shift
  of people from rural to urban places is called
  urbanization.
• Urbanization happened partly because of
  technology.
• Trucks (internal combustion engine
  refrigeration)
• Factories (steel mills, auto plants, paper
  mechanization)

17

• Technology on the Farm
• New technologies changed methods of food
  production.
• Tractors (no more horses fewer people farming
  same land)
• Combine fewer jobs on the farm (replaced
  threshers)

18

• Essay Preparation In groups consider each of the
  following themes
• Anglophone and Francophone Tension
• Confederation
• Exploration and Fur Trade
• First Nations Rights
• Immigration
• How have these ideas shaped Canada from past to
  present?

19
How has Anglophone and Francophone tensions
shaped Canada as we know it today?
20
How has Confederation shaped Canada as we know it
today?
21
How has Exploration and the Fur Trade shaped
Canada as we know it today?
22
How has immigration in Canada (from the 1400s to
present day) shape Canada as we know it today?
23
How has the fight for First Nations rights
shaped Canada as we know it today?