Protein

1
Protein

• The Bodys Building Blocks

2
What is Protein?

• Protein is an energy supplying nutrient made up
  of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. The
  nitrogen is what makes it different from
  carbohydrates and fats.
• Proteins are formed from the combining of 20
  different amino acids into different combinations
  and patterns.
• There are at least 30,000 different types of
  proteins with a specific job or function, DNA is
  one of them.

3
Functions of Protein

• Build and maintain tissues protein is needed to
  form the structure of muscles, organs, skin,
  blood, hair, nails, and every other body part.
• Make important compounds these compounds
  include enzymes, which cause specific chemical
  reactions in the body. (example digestive
  enzymes)

4
Function of Protein (cont.)

• Regulate mineral and fluid balance help carry
  sodium and potassium from one side of cell walls
  to the other.
• Maintain acid-base balance maintains the
  correct level of acidity of body fluid.
• Carry vital substance helps transport fats,
  iron and other nutrients, and oxygen through the
  body.

5
Function of Protein (cont.)

• Provide Energy If carbohydrates and fats are
  lacking in the diet, the body will use proteins
  as an energy source.

6
Food Sources of Protein

• Animal Sources Animal flesh is the largest
  source of protein in a meat-eating culture.
  Although meat is an excellent source of protein,
  some meat products are high in fat.
• Source of Complete Proteins
• Plant Sources Protein is found in grains, nuts,
  seeds, and legumes (peanuts, kidney beans,
  lentils, chickpease, etc.)
• Source of Incomplete Proteins

7
Types of Vegetarianism

• Vegans no food from any animal sources
• Lacto-vegetarians eat dairy products, but no
  meat products or eggs
• Lacto-ovo vegetarians dairy products and eggs,
  but no meat products
• Semivegetarians eat dairy, eggs, poultry, and
  seafood, but no red meat

8
Reasons for Vegetarianism

• Religious reason
• Health reasons
• Socioeconomic reasons
• Environmental reasons
• Humanitarian reasons
• Vegetarians must be sure to choose
  Complementary proteins.

9
The RDA for Protein

• 14 18 year-old males 52 grams
• 14-18 year-old females 46 grams
• 10-35 of your calories should come from protein.
  Example a young woman who needs 2,400 calories a
  day should eat a minimum of 240 calories from
  protein.
• Follow the food guide to ensure you get enough
  the RDA of protein.

10
Risks of too little protein

• Negative nitrogen balance
• Protein-energy malnutrition
• Kwashiorkor child does not reach full growth
  potential, common in poor cultures
• Marasmus muscles and tissues begin to waste
  away, child becomes thin, weak, and susceptible
  to infection and disease

11
Excess proteins in diet

• Liver and kidney problems
• Calcium Loss
• Excess body fat