EASA Rulemaking Group CS 25.045

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• EASA Rulemaking Group CS 25.045
• Access through Bulkheads

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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads
In August 1985 a B737-200 at Manchester
Airport, UK, suffered an uncontained engine
failure while on the ground that resulted in fire
rapidly penetrating the cabin with subsequent
loss of life. In the UK-AAIB accident report
(Ref. AAIB 8/88), it was highlighted that the
relatively narrow aisle width (22 ½ inches)
between monuments (toilets, galley, stowage
compartments, etc) in combination with the panic
induced competitive behaviour of passengers
trying to evacuate, caused blockage of the aisle
leading to the front and overwing exits
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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads
The former JAA Cabin Safety Study Group (CSSG)
got the task to develop a NPA to address this
Issue An analysis was carried out in 1996, under
the auspices of the JAA CSSG, of accident data
over a 10-year period between 1984 and 1993 for
large, western built, commercial jet and
turboprop aeroplanes, and an ANPA 25D-224
developed.
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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads

• Following the Manchester accident regulatory
  action has been taken by many Airworthiness
  Authorities.
• The purpose of the EASA NPAs is to propose an
  amendment to CS 25.813 (a) and CS 25.815, if
  necessary, to improve safety standards.
• EASA established a Working Group (25-045) with
  the following TOR tasks
• Review of JAA ANPA and comments
• Develop RIA, based on that
• View the need of rulemking, both CS 25 and JAR
  26.

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EASA CS 25.045 - Access through bulkheads
GROUP MEMBERS John MAYDEW BAE Systems Jan VAN
DE MAAT KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (AEA) Alfred
AULETA FUTURA International (IACA) Jürgen
FELDHAUS Airbus Deutschland GMBH (Airbus) Jan
NOVAK EASA - EASA Focal Point Ray
CHERRY R.G.W (EASA) Group Secretary Carmela
TRIPALDI ENAC Josef MAURER CSA Czech Airlines
(ETF) Jeff GARDLIN FAA Claude
LEWIS Transport Canada Michael MARKUS Austro
Control Peter CHITTENDEN EASA Enrique
NIN DGAC Spain
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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads
MEETINGS HELD DURING 2006 Meeting no 1 held
30th March 2006 Meeting no 2 held 1st June
2006 Meeting no 3 held 7th September
2006 Meeting no 4 held 15th November
2006 MEETINGS HELD DURING 2007 Meeting no 5
to be held 25th January 2007
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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads

• GROUP WORKING PROCEDURES
• EASA Rulemaking Procedures
• EASA Rulemaking Process
• Determination of the Membership of Rulemaking
  Groups
• Terms of Reference, Definition and Timescales.
• Rulemaking Group T reference

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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads

• GROUP EXPECTED OUTPUTS
• RIA for (JAR 26 and CS-25).
• NPA to be presented.

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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads

• THE FOLLOWING APPROACH HAS BEEN TAKEN BY THE EASA
  WORKING GROUP
• Review analyses ( Accident data) from JAA, where
  are the numbers in respect of fatalities are
  coming from?
• Review of test done ( Cranfield). Have all
  variants been approached ( as thickness, height,
  single aisle / multiple aisle,etc) ?
• Review of recent accident data.
• Consultation of NTSB, Canadien Accident
  Investigation Board and British Accident
  Investigation Board on new investigations,
  recommendations, look on cabin Safety
  improvements (as seats , heat release, smoke
  density, etc).
• Investigation on foreign Authorities intentions
  in respect of potential rulemaking.

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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads
MAIN DOCUMENTATION
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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads
SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION
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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads

TEST HARMONISATION DOCUMENTATION
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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads

• GROUP CONCLUSIONS (1)
• From 1985, new aircraft designs and existing
  aircraft modified by retroactive rules, resulting
  in significant cabin safety improvements
  including the following
• Seat fire blocking layers
• Floor proximity lighting/marking
• Enhanced Fuselage Burnthrough protection
• Reduced heat release of cabin interior materials
• Reduced smoke emission from cabin interior
  materials
• Improved access to Type III exits
• In addition Enhanced Fuselage Burnthrough
  protection from pool fires is an FAA regulation
  and is under consideration by EASA.

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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads

• GROUP CONCLUSIONS (2)
• The proposed regulatory action would have a
  neligible benefit in improving occupant
  survivability.
• Main arguments to adopt this position are
• Accidents analysis during this period of time, in
  terms of incidents and accidents by flight/
  hours
• Balance between Extremely remote risk and
  related costs
• Experimental trials results
• Specific scenario improved by new CS 25 and FAR
  25 standards, since 1985
• No enough evidences had been found in test and
  supporting documentation to ensure an
  improvement in evacuation conditions.

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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads
GROUP CONCLUSIONS (3) The FAA and Transport
Canada have stated that, based on the information
currently available they have no regulatory
activity planned in this area. Hence, if EASA
decided to proceed with rulemaking it would not
be harmonised with other major Airworthiness
Authorities.
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EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads
ACTUAL STATUS Draft A-NPA has been drafted and
is under consideration at EASA. Finally it
will be distributed within the working group for
concurrence and then provided to EASA for public
consultation.