CHAPTER 7b: Nervous System

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CHAPTER 7b Nervous System
Protection of CNS
Meninges three membranes covering the CNS
structures (p 211)
Duramater outermost layer
Dura hard Mater mother
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Arachnoid Mater web-like middle layer
Arachno spider
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Pia Mater innermost layer following folds
commons.wikimedia.org
pia gentle
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Meningitis inflammation of meninges
http//video.about.com/infectiousdiseases/Meningit
is.htm
http//www.nmaus.org/programs/getting-it/
http//www.healthline.com/hgy-transcripts/meningit
is-overview
http//healthline.healthology.com/hybrid/hybrid-au
todetect.aspx?content_id2582focus_handlechildre
ns-diseasesbrand_namehealthline
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Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) fluid surrounding the
brain and spinal cord
Continually made from blood plasma in choroid
plexuses which hang from the roof of the brains
ventricles. Circulates continuously by being
produced and then drained back into blood plasma
to keep a constant volume of about 150
ml. Function protection Spinal Tap sampling
technique to test CSF. Hydrocephalus water on
the brain
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Keeps neurons separated from blood-borne
substances.
BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER
Made of LEAST PERMEABLE capillaries in the body.
Cant keep out fats, respiratory gases, alcohol,
nicotine, or anesthetics.
vandenberg.af.mil
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Brain Injuries
Traumatic Brain Injuries and Brain Dysfunctions
Head injuries are the leading cause of accidental
death in the USA.
Concussion slight injury, dizziness, brief loss
of consciousness.
http//www.pennmedicine.org/encyclopedia/em_Displa
yAnimation.aspx?gcid000034ptid17
Contusion marked tissue destruction, coma
Cerebral Edema swelling of the brain, death
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Stroke cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs
when circulation is cut off to the brain.
http//www.pennmedicine.org/encyclopedia/em_Displa
yAnimation.aspx?gcid000123ptid17
Aphasia result of damage to left cerebral
hemisphere, affects speech. motor aphasia
affects Brocas area and loss of speech sensory
aphasia loss of understanding of language
TIA transient ischemic attack (mini-stroke)
BrainMatters 5400 http//video.pbs.org/video/1390
247671/
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• Alzheimers Disease
• mental deterioration
• progressive degenerative disease
• originally called senile dementia
• memory loss, irritability, moodiness,
  confusion, possibly violent
• later stages include hallucinations

Dementia 101 http//www.healthscout.com/animation
/1/7/main.html
Alzheimers Disease 1910 http//www.alzheimer.ca/
english/disease/whatisit-video.htm
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Alzheimers Disease
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Spinal Cord
About 17 inches (42 cm) long. 31 pairs of nerves
arise from it.
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Textbook page 217.
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White matter of the spinal cord
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Quadriplegic damage high in cord
Paraplegic damage low in cord