Criminal Investigation: Implanting Chips to Track Ex-Felons

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Criminal Investigation Implanting Chips to Track
Ex-Felons

• William Nevin Shane Bart

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Problem

• After prisoners serve prison sentences, they
  often repeat violent and harmful crimes after
  being released.
• Examining a persons previous actions is the best
  way to form a solution to prevent future actions.

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One Solution

• Do nothing, hoping that a lesson was learned in
  prison.
• Problem
• The majority of criminals repeat crimes, even
  after serving time.

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A Second Solution

• After being released from prison, ex-felons could
  be followed 24/7 by an officer (similar to a
  parole officer) for a predetermined amount of
  time.
• Problem
• The cost would be overwhelming.
• The ability to stay with someone 24/7 is
  virtually impossible.

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A Third Solution

• Have the ex-felon report to an officer every
  hour.
• Problem
• This is unlikely to prevent a repeated crime.
• Hard to keep up with if lines are busy or network
  down.
• Difficult to verify whether ex-criminal
  truthfully explains lack of communication.

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Our Solution

• Implant a GPS chip under the skin of the
  ex-felon.
• Form a national database containing the
  information of all chip carriers.
• Track by satellite using GPS

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The Chip

• Microchip that would be implanted in upper
  portion of the arm.
• Virtually undetectable and indestructible.
• Very little discomfort.
• Extremely difficult to remove.

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The Chip

• Applied Digital Solutions, a technology
  development company, has developed a prototype of
  a GPS implant for humans
• The first version of the personal location
  device, or PLD, introduced in 2003, was about
  the size of a pacemaker (2.5 inches in diameter,
  and .5 inches in depth).
• Since the introduction of the first chip, its
  size has been reduced by more than 50.
• Once inserted, the device will be tracked by
  satellite, and the individuals location,
  movements, and vital signs can be stored in a
  database.
• The information will be sent from the GPS
  satellites to the database wirelessly through the
  internet.

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Who will carry the chip?

• Any person who has been convicted of a violent
  crime, rape/sexual assault, and/or murder.
  Convicts will still serve their sentence in
  prison.
• The degree of the crime and length of prison
  sentence will determine the amount of time for
  which the ex-felon is tracked.
• Ex-felons could be tracked for a period of time
  ranging from a month to their entire lifetime.

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Tracking

• On a monitor in their cars, law enforcement
  officers would have access to the positions of
  every tracked ex-felon.
• There would be local stations, as well as a
  federal station that would track the felons as
  well.

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The Database

• The database would contain personal data of the
  ex-criminal as well as the criminal history.
• It would also contain the exact location of the
  ex-felon at all times throughout the tracking
  period.
• Tracking periods would be one day intervals and
  backed up monthly to prevent excessive storage
  buildup.

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Database

• Create format so the positions during the
  tracking period can fit in a small size file when
  backed up
• Create storage facilities
• Build tracking station within major police
  stations
• Federal station in classified location for the
  national database where states would upload data
  and download criminal info when neded

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Additional Technology

• Along with the database, a program would be
  written to direct law enforcement officers
  through areas highly concentrated in chip
  carriers.
• If a convicted bank robber was spending a lot of
  time around a bank, the police with jurisdiction
  for the district would be warned, as well as the
  bank.

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Chip Removal

• Special polyethylene sheath would help the skin
  bond to the chip, holding it in place.
• This makes it difficult and extremely painful for
  the ex-felon to remove the chip.
• At the end of the tracking period, the chip would
  expire, and the ex-felon would have the option of
  having the chip painlessly removed.
• With or without removal, the ex-felon will no
  longer be tacked.

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The Debate

• Fourth Amendment
• The right of the people to be secure In their
  persons, houses, papers, and effects, against
  unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be
  violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon
  probably cause, supported by Oath or affirmation,
  and particularly describing the place to be
  searched, and the persons or things being seized.
• Ex-felons can already be stripped of the right to
  vote, the most basic right in a democracy.
• They also can be placed under stringent probation
  conditions (including house arrest), and
  sometimes are even required to wear an ankle
  bracelet for monitoring purposes.

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Costs

• In Mexico, Attorney General Rafael Macedo de la
  Concha and 160 of his employees were implanted
  with the chips.
• Obviously, the chips were not meant to serve the
  same purpose, but the cost was the same as it
  would be for implanting ex-felons.
• The chips were used to grant access to restricted
  areas.
• Chips were 150 a piece

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Costs Continued

• Would come out of tax payers money.
• Cost does not include the cost of the
  law-enforcement vehicle systems, or the cost of
  local and federal stations
• Like the costs of other technologies, this cost
  would reduce with time.

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Additional Problems

• It would not be too difficult for people other
  than law enforcement officers to track the
  locations of the ex-felons.
• Poor weather can lead to poor satellite reception.

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Questions

• Could the government mandate these chips, or do
  constitutional laws require that felons have the
  option to reject?
• To what extent does implanting these chips
  violate privacy?

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Sources

• http//www.slate.com/id/2109477/
• http//www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTI
  CLE_ID27917
• http//practice.findlaw.com/archives/cyberlaw_1002
  .html
• http//www.greaterthings.com/News/Chip_Implants/
• http//www.tldm.org/News4/MarkoftheBeast.htm

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Sources

• http//www.ncpa.org/iss/cri/
• http//www.disastercenter.com/crime/