HYUNDAI Photovoltaic Inverter

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HYUNDAI Photovoltaic Inverter
HYUNDAI HEAVY INDUSTRIES CO., LTD Electro
Electric Dept.
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- Contents -

1. Photovoltaic energy system business
2. Photovoltaic power generation system
3. Photovoltaic Inverter technology
4. Photovoltaic Inverter of HHI
5. Application of HHI Solar Energy System

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1. Photovoltaic energy system business
(1) Value Chain for Photovoltaic Energy
Poly Silicon
Ingot/Wafer
PV Cell
PV Module
System
Upstream
Downstream
? Original material for Ingot
? Silicon Melting ? Ingot Growing
? Module Production
? PV Array, PV Inverter, Battery, Support,
Monitoring system, Installation
? Cell Production
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2. Photovoltaic power generation system
(1) Composition of Photovoltaic Energy System
lt Block Diagram for Grid-connected Photovoltaic
energy system gt
? PV Array (Solar Module Panel) Modules are
used suitably in series or parallel connection.
? Peripheral components (BOS Balance of System)
Support for module installation, Battery ?
Power Conversion Device (PV Inverter) PCS
(Power Conditioning System) - PCS converts DC
power generated in PV array to AC power.
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2. Photovoltaic power generation system
(2) Classification of Photovoltaic Energy System

• 1) Grid-connected System
• - The output of solar system is
  connected to main grid.
• - The shortage power is supplied from
  grid, the surplus power is re-supplied to grid.
• - Used for House, Building, Grid
  Reinforcement, Power Generation (MW Level)
• 2) Stand-alone System
• - Isolated from grid, Used to small
  capacity load in rural area without grid.
• - The power storage device (ex. the
  battery) is necessary when the generation is
  impossible.
• 3) Hybrid System
• - System which is combined with other
  generation system such as wind turbine generator,
• diesel generator etc.
• - Used in the island, isolated area,
  military equipment without commercial power

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2. Photovoltaic power generation system
(3) Concept of Solar Energy System for house use
1) Grid-connected system
2) Stand-alone system
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3. Photovoltaic Inverter technology
(1) Considerable feature for photovoltaic inverter
1) Change of the environmental condition
- Solar radiation, Surface temperature of
PV array, Shadow by obstacle or cloud
? Environmental condition is changed frequently
and rapidly. 2) Response for the
environmental change - Tracking for most
efficient point of PV array Maximum
Power Point Tracking (MPPT) 3) Synchronized
operation with grid - Synchronized
operation with grid voltage 4) Protective
function - Inverter protection from
grid fault condition - Grid protection
from the fault condition of a solar energy system
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3. Photovoltaic Inverter technology
(2) Design topology for PCS Power circuit
Design Topology Circuit Diagram Feature
Low frequency Transformer Type Easy isolation Simple circuit Low efficiency for small capacity Big size and heavy weight Method applied for large capacity models
High frequency Link type Small size light weight Complex circuit for isolation High cost Efficient improvement is difficult. Not applicable for large capacity models
High frequency Link type Small size light weight Complex circuit for isolation High cost Efficient improvement is difficult. Not applicable for large capacity models
Transformerless Type Small size light weight High efficiency Low cost High reliability for DC current input Not applicable for large capacity models
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3. Photovoltaic Inverter technology
(3) Requirements for Photovoltaic Inverter

• 1) DC input voltage range
• - Wide range of input voltage ? Various kind
  of serial connection for solar module
• (250Vdc 850Vdc)
• - 200Wp Solar module(6 inch Cell 54 ea) ?
  DC Voltage 26Vdc 27Vdc
• Serial parallel connection of module ?
  Advanced capacity, voltage
• - 3kW PCS input voltage range 250Vdc
  600Vdc
• 200W 15ea serial connection ? very
  useful to household system
• 2) Cooling Method Protection Degree
• - 3kW PCS Natural cooling (without Fan) ?
  No Noise
• - When PCS is independently established to
  outdoor, it is necessary to have high protection
  degree
• for the dust and water. (3kW PCS IP54)
• 3) Detecting for DC current input
• - DC current input with the AC grid output
  can lead to the abnormal condition or damage to
  PCS.
• - Within 1, detecting time within 0.5 sec

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3. Photovoltaic Inverter technology

• 4) Protection for grid abnormal connection
• - PCS protection for the abnormal or
  breakdown condition to minimize the range of
  accident.
• - Detecting for Over voltage, Under voltage,
  Over frequency, Low frequency
• 5) Noise reduction
• - very important to indoor type
• - Switching frequency ? over audio frequency
• - Without fan ? No Noise
• - Air Cooling Fan speed control according
  to the load
• 6) European Efficiency
• - Considering for the operation from low
  load condition to full load condition
• - Efficiency with 5, 10, 20, 30, 50,
  100 load condition.
• ? Total power efficiency is produced.
• - European Efficiency
• ?euro 0.03 x ?euro5Pn 0.06 x
  ?euro10Pn 0.13 x ?euro20Pn 0.1 x ?euro30Pn
• 0.48 x ?euro50Pn
  0.2 x ?euro100Pn

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3. Photovoltaic Inverter technology
7) MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking)
control - Because the output characteristic
of PV array changes according to solar radiation
and surface temperature, maximum output
power point changes. (solar radiation increases ?
output power increases, temperature
increases ? output power decreases) -
Watching and following function to operate at
Maximum power point. - Algorithm
Perturbation and Observation (PO), Incremental
Conductance (IncCond)
? Change of the solar module output
characteristic (Temperature and solar radiation
quantity)
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3. Photovoltaic Inverter technology
8) Anti-Islanding Function - Islanding
Operation PCS continue to operate under power
failure or grid accident. - Safety Problem
Electric Shock - It is important to
synchronize between grid and PCS voltage. -
When the power failure or grid accident is
occurred, PCS must detect the fault condition
and stop its operation. - Detecting for
islanding operation Passive Active Method
a) Passive Method ? Detecting from grid
parameter value (Voltage, Frequency) ?
Power mismatch ? voltage frequency variation ?
Islanding condition b) Active Method
? Detecting from response characteristic for the
intended grid fluctuation. ? PCS output
voltage fluctuation, frequency transfer, reactive
power addition, etc ? Very useful method
but very complex ? Unstable
Non-detection zone
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3. Photovoltaic Inverter technology
9) Standby power - Minimum standby power
? Higher efficiency 10) Weight - Size
Weight is very important. (Small size Light
weight) 11) Communication Monitoring system
- Instantaneous power and accumulated power,
Monitoring system for watching whether
the system operates correctly. -
Communication condition for using a PC (Personal
Computer) network.
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4. Photovoltaic Inverter of HHI
(1) Photovoltaic power generation system business
of HHI

• 1) Photovoltaic energy business
• - Poly Silicon, cell, module, PCS, system
  Total solution for solar energy
• - Large scale investment
• - Expansion in module production line 70MW
  ? 150MW (2009)
• - Expansion in cell production line 60MW ?
  330MW (2009)
• - Large scale power plant (MW) System
  business for foreign countries
• 2) Photovoltaic Inverter business
• - Design experience and know-how in the
  Industrial inverter, UPS, Electric Vehicle,
  Electric
• components for rapid electric railway ?
  Basic technology of PCS
• - Various products from small capacity(3kW)
  to large capacity(250kW) - Series
• - Additional models are under development.
  (10kW, 30kW, 200kW, 500kW, 1MW)
• - Continuous development and version up for
  World No.1 Brand
• - Perfect product by making a verification
  test in actual field area. (HHI Solar Park
  500kW)
• - Package with our solar module and supply
  for large scale power plant construction
• (100kW, 250kW, 500kW, 1MW)

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4. Photovoltaic Inverter of HHI
(2) Photovoltaic Inverter model list of HHI

• 1) 3KW PCS (Transformerless type)
• - Supply for house in Korea
• - Protection degree IP54 (Outdoor)
• - 1st PCS certificate in Korea (EMI/EMC)
• 2) 10KW PCS (Transformerless type)
• - Supply for commercial building
• - Simple light weight (Project with national
  agency)
• 3) 12.5KW PCS (Built in transformer)
• - Supply for commercial building, Small size
  of power plant
• - Small size, Applicable to outdoor with
  option (IP43)
• 4) 50/100KW PCS (Built in transformer)
• - Small Middle capacity (50KW, 100KW, 200KW
  System)
• - Launched in Korea (2009. 5) / CE Certificate
  schedule (2009. 8)
• 5) 250KW PCS (Built in transformer)
• - Supply for large capacity System
• - Under site test at our solar park in Korea
  (500KW )
• - Will be launched (2009. 6)
• 6) 500KW/1MW PCS (Under Development)
• - Supply for very large capacity System

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4. Photovoltaic Inverter of HHI
(3) HHI Strategy for PV Inverter

• - Various products from small capacity(3kW)
  to large capacity(250kW) Line-up and Series
• - Continuous development and version up for
  World No.1 Brand
• - Perfect product by making a verification
  test in actual field area (Solar Park at
  Eum-Seong, Korea)
• - Package with our solar module and supply
  for power plant construction

(4) Development model of HHI PV Inverter
Model HPC-003SL HPC-012HT HPC-050HT HPC-100HT HPC-250HT
Product
Rated Capacity(kW) 3kW 12.5kW 50kW 100kW 250kW
Development State Launched (2007) Launched (2008) Launched (2009) Launched (2009) Launched (2009)
Design Concept Transformerless Built in transformer Built in transformer Built in transformer Built in transformer
Target 1) Low Price 2) High Efficiency 3) Reliability 1) Low Price 2) High Efficiency 3) Reliability 1) Low Price 2) High Efficiency 3) Reliability 1) Low Price 2) High Efficiency 3) Reliability 1) Low Price 2) High Efficiency 3) Reliability
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5. Application of HHI Solar Energy System

• Business for Power Generation

ASAN Medical Center (Seoul, Korea) - 147kW System
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5. Application of HHI Solar Energy System

• Business for power generation

• 1. GESTAMP(Spain Fuente Alamo, 26MW)
  2. Jang-heung, Solar power plant(104KW)
• 3. Hae-nam, Solar power plant(1.2MW)
  4. Jeong-eup, Go-chang, Solar power
  plant(3.0MW)

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