Bibliology (The Doctrine of the Bible)

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• What is bibliology?
• Bibliology is directly derived from the Greek
  word biblion, (scroll or small book) which in
  turn was derived from the word Biblos, which was
  the cellular substance of the stem of the papyrus
  (paper) plant.
• It is teaching about the Bible. (2Timothy 215)

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• What is the Bible
• It is the general name given to the sacred
  Scriptures of the Christian Church
• It is the word commonly used to refer to the
  collected books of the Old and New Testaments
  (Covenant / Promise)
• It is the Word of God, Gods revelation to man
• Reveal to make known
• God made known His will for man
• Gods will is His Word
• It is the final and ultimate authority in all
  matters of Christian faith and practice.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• Who wrote the Bible?
• Holy men of God as they were moved or inspired by
  the Holy Ghost (Spirit of God).
• 2 Timothy 313
• 2 Peter 121
• Exodus 3428

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• Who wrote the Bible (Cont)?
• Prophets and priests wrote the Old Testament.
• Evangelists and Apostles wrote the New Testament
• 40 different people (Kings, Shepherds, Attorney
  (Scribes), Fishermen, Priest, Physicians and an
  Army General).
• On three different Continents
• Three different languages
• In most cases had never met

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• How did the New Testament writers die?
• The only apostles death the Bible records is
  James' (Acts 122). King Herod had James put to
  death with the sword likely a reference to
  beheading. The circumstances of the deaths of the
  other apostles can only be known based on history
  and church traditions, The most commonly accepted
  church tradition in regards to the death of an
  apostle is that the Apostle Peter was crucified,
  upside-down on a cross, in Rome, in fulfillment
  of Jesus prophecy (John 2118). Following are
  historical accounts accompanied with traditions
  in regards to the deaths of the other
  apostlesMatthew suffered martyrdom in
  Ethiopia, killed by a sword wound. John faced
  martyrdom when he was boiled in a huge basin of
  boiling oil during a wave of persecution in Rome.
  However, he was miraculously delivered from
  death. John was then sentenced to the mines on
  the prison island of Patmos. He wrote his
  prophetic Book of Revelation on Patmos. The
  Apostle John was later freed and returned to what
  is now modern-day Turkey. He died as an old man,
  the only apostle to die peacefully.James, the
  brother of Jesus (not officially an apostle), the
  leader of the church in Jerusalem, was thrown
  over a hundred feet down from the southeast
  pinnacle of the Temple when he refused to deny
  his faith in Christ. When they discovered that he
  survived the fall, his enemies beat James to
  death with a club. This was the same pinnacle
  where Satan had taken Jesus during the
  temptation.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• How did the New Testament writers die
  (continued)?
• Bartholomew, also know as Nathanael, was a
  missionary to Asia. He witnessed in present-day
  Turkey and was martyred for his preaching in
  Armenia, when he was flayed to death by a whip.
  Andrew was crucified on a cross in Greece. After
  being whipped severely by seven soldiers,
  Andrew's body was tied to the cross with cords to
  prolong his agony. His followers reported that,
  when he was led toward the cross, Andrew saluted
  it in these words "I have long desired and
  expected this happy hour. The cross has been
  consecrated by the body of Christ hanging on it."
  He continued to preach to his tormentors for two
  days until he died. The Apostle Thomas was
  stabbed with a spear in India during one of his
  missionary trips to establish the church there.
  Matthias, the apostle chosen to replace the
  traitor Judas Iscariot, was stoned and then
  beheaded. The Apostle Paul was tortured and then
  beheaded by the evil Emperor Nero at Rome in A.D.
  67. There are traditions regarding the other
  apostles as well, but none with any reliable
  historical or traditional support.It is not so
  important how the apostles died. What is
  important is the fact that they were all willing
  to die for their faith. If Jesus had not been
  resurrected, the disciples would have known. No
  one will die for something he knows is a lie. The
  fact that all of the apostles were willing to die
  horrible deaths, refusing to renounce their faith
  in Christ is tremendous evidence that they had
  truly witnessed the resurrection of Jesus Christ.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• How was the Bible written?
• It was given by inspiration (God Breathed) 2Tim
  316
• The following instruments were used
• Chisel
• Metal Stylus
• Pen and Penknife
• Ink and Inkhorn
• The following written materials were used
• Papyrus
• Clay
• Vellum, parchment and leather
• Stone

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• What language was the Bible written in?
• Most of the Old Testament was written in Hebrew
• ????? elohiym LORD
• Some of the Old Testament was written in Aramaic
• ??? Abba Father
• The New Testament was wrote in Greek
• ?????? kyrios Lord

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• How many books are in the Bible?
• There are 66 books in the Bible
• There are 39 books in the Old Testament
• There are 27 books in the New Testament
• The Bible is complete
• Jesus is the Word made flesh John 114
• Do you think that our Father would allow us to go
  over 2000 years without knowing the Truth?

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• How is the Bible structured?
• It is divided into the Old and New Testament,
  each having four sections.
• The books of the Old Testament were written over
  a period of about 1000 years.
• The Old Testament can be divided into 4 major
  subdivisions
• The Law (Pentateuch) Genesis Deuteronomy
• The first 5 books are known as the Pentateuch and
  are Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and
  Deuteronomy. These books are also known as the
  Mosaic Law because it is generally accepted that
  Moses was the author of all 5 books or at least
  the majority of each. The books also cover the
  pre-Canaan or Promised Land existence of the
  Israelites.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• History Joshua Esther
• The next 12 books are Joshua to Esther and can be
  divided into to 2 subcategories. The first 9 of
  these 12 books are Joshua, Judges, Ruth, I
  Samuel, II Samuel, I Kings, II Kings, I
  Chronicles and II Chronicles. These books record
  the experiences in Canaan.
• The last 3 of these 12 books are Ezra, Nehemiah
  and Esther. These books are the post-exile from
  Canaan history.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• Poetry Job Song of Solomon
• The 5 books in the center of the Old Testament
  are Poetry and Wisdom Literature.
• These books are Job, Psalms, Proverbs,
  Ecclesiastes and Song of Solomon. These books
  contain, respectively, writings of the 5
  following subjects (1) human tragedy and
  suffering (2) poetry of praise, prophesy,
  problems and peace (3) wisdom for life (4) the
  meaninglessness of life apart from God and the
  futility of autonomous human wisdom (5) God's
  gift of the relation of love between men and
  women, which is actually a foreshadowing of the
  relationship between Christ and the Church.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• Prophets Isaiah Malachi
• The last 17 books of the Old Testament are the
  Prophets.
• These are divided into 2 main categories the
  Major Prophets and the Minor Prophets.
• The Major Prophets are made up of 5 books, they
  are Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel and
  Daniel.
• The Minor Prophets are made up of the last 12
  books of the Old Testament and are Hosea, Joel,
  Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk,
  Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• What is meant by the terms Major Prophet Minor
  Prophets?
• Major Prophet Longer books of Prophecies
• Minor Prophet Shorter books of Prophecies

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• The books of the New Testament were written over
  a period of approximately 100 years. The
  approximate 1500 year span of the writings of the
  Bible is completed in or about the 400 years
  between the last writing of the Old Testament and
  the first writing of the New Testament.
• There are four major subdivisions of the New
  Testament

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• The New Testament is divided into the following
  sections
• The Gospels Matthew John
• The Gospels are Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. Of
  these,
• Matthew, Mark and Luke are known as the synoptic
  Gospels, which
• means they contain much mutual agreement on the
  life of Christ.
• Matthew was a Jewish tax collector and his
  Gospel is written from
• a Jewish perspective. Mark had served as a
  missionary with the
• Apostle Paul and his Gospel was written from a
  Roman perspective.
• Church tradition attributes Mark's Gospel to his
  recording of the
• Apostle Peter's preaching and teaching. Luke was
  a physician and
• his Gospel was written from a Greek perspective.
  John, who had a
• fishing business, made it clear that Jesus was
  God in human form
• and is recommended reading for new Christians.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• History Acts
• The next book is the Book of Acts and it was
  written by Luke. Acts deals with the formation
  and spread of the church, but most importantly,
  the coming of the Holy Spirit on an individual
  basis to the believers, which occurred first on
  the Day of Pentecost.
• Also, the spread of the Gospel to the Gentiles
  is an important theme in this book. Acts also
  deals with the conversion of the Apostle Paul,
  who was known as Saul of Tarsus.
• Paul would later go on to write the next 13 of
  the 27 books canonized in the NewTestament.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• Epistles Romans Jude
• The next 13 books are known as the Epistles of
  Paul.
• These first 9 of these 13 books are Romans, I
  Corinthians, II
• Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians,
  Colossians, I
• Thessalonians and II Thessalonians. These books
  were written to
• the various churches that Paul had established
  for their
• edification. These books teach the doctrine
  necessary to
• establish and maintain a Christian church. Paul
  wrote the last 4
• of these 13 books with the theme of a pastor
  giving instruction to
• Christian leaders. These 4 books are I Timothy,
  II Timothy, Titus
• and Philemon.
• The next 8 books are known as the General
  Epistles.
• These books are Hebrews, James, I Peter, II
  Peter, I John, II
• John, III John and Jude. These books are not
  directly written to
• Christian churches as such, but are more
  directed at Christians
• who were scattered abroad.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• Prophecy Revelations
• The last book of the Bible is the Book of
  Revelation.
• Revelation was written by the Apostle John who
  also wrote the Gospel according to John, I, II,
  and III John. Revelation was written for
  edification and comfort of Christians who were
  enduring terrible persecution. This book has an
  apocalyptic theme throughout, depicting past,
  present and future events.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• How did these books come to be included in the
  Bible
• They were canonized (recognized as the inspired
  word of God) by early church fathers and church
  councils. This was done to distinguish biblical
  writings from other religious writings.
• The criteria used for acceptance or inclusion in
  the Old Testament was as follows
• Is it authoritative?
• Is it prophetic?
• Is it authentic?
• Is it dynamic?
• Was it received?
• Is there two or three witnesses?
• The criteria used for acceptance or inclusion in
  the New Testament was as follows
• Is it Apostolic authority
• Is it Apostolic approval
• Is it Apostolic authorship
• Is there two or three witnesses Matthew 1816
  2 Cor 131 1Jn 5 6-8

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• What is the Apocrypha?
• The Apocrypha are those books not received or
  accepted as being canonical or biblical by the
  church.
• They were rejected or excluded from the Bible
  because they were heretical, fanciful,
  historically and geographically inaccurate, and
  theologically errant (wayward).

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• 15 Apocrypha books
• Wisdom of Solomon 30 B.C. Didactic
• Ecclesiasticus 32 B.C. Didactic
• Tobit 200 B.C. Religious Novel
• I Esdras 150 B.C. Historic Legendary
• I Maccabees 110 B.C. Historic
• II Maccabees 100 B.C. Historic Legendary
• Judith 150 A.D. Romantic Novel
• Baruch 100 A.D. Prophetic
• Letter of Jeremiah 200 B.C. Prophetic
• II Esdras 100 A.D. Prophetic
• Additions to Esther 130 B.C. Legendary
• Prayer of Azariah 100. B.C. Legendary
• Suzanna (Daniel 13) 100 B.C. Legendary
• Bel the Dragon (Daniel 14) 100 B.C.
  Legendary
• Prayer of Manasseh 150 B.C. Legendary
• The "Prayer of Azariah" is also called the "Song
  of the Three Hebrew Children," and follows after
  Daniel 323.

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• As a general summary
• The Jews do not accept the Apocrypha as part of
  their Scriptures.
• Protestants do not accept the Apocrypha as
  Scripture, though some ascribe to them value as
  "good and useful reading" and "for example of
  life and instruction of manners."
• The Roman Catholic 'Church' in effect accepts 12
  of the apocryphal books as canonical (omitting I
  II Esdras and the Prayer of Manassah from the
  above list.) Because of this the Roman Catholic
  'Church' speaks of the Apocrypha as
  "deutero-(secondary) canonical" books, and in
  turn labels as apocrypha what we may term
  "pseudoepigraphical" (not genuine) books."

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Bibliology(The Doctrine of the Bible)

• What is the King James Versions of the Bible?
• It is the most popular and influential English
  translation of the Bible
• It is the scholarly work of 47 educated men from
  Oxford and Cambridge Universities reviewed by the
  Bishops of the Church of England. (1611 First
  version was published)
• It is the result of a resolution, initiated by
  King James I of England, calling for a
  translation of the Hebrew and Greek into English.