Solar Electric Technologies

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Solar ElectricTechnologies

• Harin S. Ullal, Ph.D.

National Center for PhotovoltaicsNational
Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, Colorado
Indian Delegation October 30, 2009
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Solar Energy Clean Energy

• No greenhouse gases
• No air pollution
• No acid rain
• No soil, plant, animal damage
• No human respiratory ailments

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The Concept
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Criteria

• Efficiency
• Cost
• Reliability

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Photovoltaic Technologies

• Crystalline Silicon (Mono, Multi)
• Thin Films (a-Si, CIS, CdTe)
• Concentrators (Si, GaAs)

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PV Efficiencies
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Top Ten PV Companies - 2008
No. Name Technology Country Production (MW)
1 Q-Cells Si Germany 570
2 First Solar CdTe USA 504
3 Suntech Si China 498
4 Sharp Si Japan 473
5 Motech Si Taiwan 384
6 Kyocera Si Japan 290
7 BTY Si China 282
8 JA Solar Si China 277
9 SunPower Si USA 237
10 SolarWorld Si Germany 221
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Major Polysilicon Manufactures

• Wacker - Germany
• Hemlock - USA
• MEMC - USA
• REC Silicon - Norway
• Tokuyama - Japan
• Mitsubishi Materials - Japan
• Sumitomo Titanium - Japan

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Concentrator PV Technologies

• Technologies are ready to deliver
• High (200-1000x) and low (2-20x) concentrations
• Systems may require some maintenance, should only
  be deployed in areas with adequate direct solar
  resource

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Thin Film PV Companies USA

• a-Si
• Uni-Solar MI
• Applied Materials CA
• Power Films IA
• Energy PV NJ
• MV Systems CO
• XsunX CA
• OptiSolar CA
• Signet Solar CA
• Nano PV NJ
• Xunlight OH
• Proto Flex CO
• New Solar Ventures NM
• Solar Thin Films NJ
• Sencera NC

• CdTe
• First Solar OH
• Primestar Solar CO
• AVA Solar CO
• Calyxo OH
• Canrom NY
• Ascentool CA
• Nuvo Solar Energy CO
• Zia Watt Solar TX
• Solexant CA
• Sunovia Energy FL
• WK Solar OH
• Bloo Solar CA

• CIS
• Global Solar AZ
• Miasole CA
• Energy PV NJ
• Ascent Solar CO
• ISET CA
• Daystar NY
• Nanosolar CA
• Heliovolt TX
• Solo Power CA
• Solyndra CA
• RESI NJ
• Light Solar NV
• IBM NY
• JNL Solar CA
• Telio Solar CA
• Amelio Solar CA

• Thin-Si
• Innovalight CA
• Nanogram CA
• Soltaix CA
• Crystal Solar CA
• Parachete Energy SC
• Ampulse TN

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Thin Film PV Market Share USA
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World PV Cell/Module Production 1988-2007
(Megawatts)
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Is There Enough Sunshine toEnergize America?
Thats right! This bright spot covers a circle of
Nevada desert about 100 miles across, that if
covered with modern PV arrays, would satisfy
Americas entire electricity demand.
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Flexible CIGS Modules on Tent
Global Solar
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Thin Film CIGS Facade
Honda
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BIPV and Special Product
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1.8 MW Thin Film CdTe Solar Roof
First Solar / Juwi Solar
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40 MW Thin Film CdTe Solar Field
Total Project Price Euro 130 MillionPV System
Price Euro 3.25 / WattsCompletion
Date December 2008
Under Construction
First Solar / Juwi Solar
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Thin Film PV Capacity (2009-2012)