Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Other PPE Equipment Requirements

WHO Western Pacific Regional Office April 17,
2003
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Personal Protective Equipment for SARS
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Infection Control Practice

• You can minimise YOUR risk of catching
• SARS
• by following
• infection control procedures including
• the use of other PPE including
• Goggles, Gowns, Gloves, Caps and
• Overshoes.

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Standard Precautions(Respiratory Precautions)

• Designed to reduce the risk for occupational
  exposure to SARS infection from both recognized
  and unrecognized sources of infection

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Exposure Risks

• Patient
• Respiratory secretions
• Blood
• Body fluids including excreta
• Skin lesions
• Staff
• Visitors

• Health Care Staff
• Respiratory secretions
• Blood
• Body fluids including excreta
• Mucous membranes
• Skin lesions
• Sharps
• Visitors

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Principles for Using PPE

• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used to
• protect health care workers by preventing
  potentially
• infectious microorganisms from
• Contaminating their hands, eyes and clothing
• and
• Being transmitted to other patients and staff.

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Principles for Using PPE

• PPE reduces but does not completely eliminate the
  
• possibility of infection
• PPE is only effective if used correctly
• The use of PPE does not replace basic hygiene
  measures such as hand washing hand washing is
  still essential to prevent transmission of
  infection.

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Principles for Using Goggles, Gowns, Gloves, Caps
and Overshoes

• Goggles, gowns, gloves, caps and overshoes are
  used
• to protect health care workers, by preventing
• potentially infectious microorganisms from
• Contaminating their eyes, clothing, hands, hair
  and shoes
• and
• Being transmitted to other patients and staff.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Goggles
• Gown
• Gloves
• Cap
• Shoe covers

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Goggles

• Assign one pair to each worker at the beginning
  of a shift
• Wear goggles in room with SARS patients
• Leave in the container in the anteroom at the
  end of the shift to be cleaned and disinfected

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Goggles
You should use goggles to cover all of the eye
area.
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Gowns

• Long sleeved gowns must be worn when in direct
  contact with the patient
• Wear gown at all times in the patients room
• Gowns must be removed before leaving the
  patients room or dedicated anteroom
• Remove used gowns as soon as possible
  particularly when grossly contaminated

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Gowns
Gowns should be worn for every patient contact
and ideally a new gown worn for each patient
contact

• Disposable Gowns
• Use a new gown for each
• patient contact.
• Discard immediately if
• visibly contaminated.

• Reusable Gowns
• If necessary, gowns may be
• reused during one shift for the
• same patient, e.g. when short
• of supplies.
• Discard immediately if visibly
• contaminated.
• Hang gown with outside facing
• in when not in use.
• Discard at the end of the shift.

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Gloves

• Before all patient contact
• Before all cleaning
• Before handling soiled linen waste

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Gloves

• Remove after contact with patients or lab
  specimens
• Do not wear gloves outside of the patients room
  / anteroom
• Do not re-use gloves
• Wash hands after removing your gloves

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Plastic Disposable Aprons

• Plastic disposable aprons must be worn whenever
  there is a likelihood of other PPE such as gowns
  becoming wet.
• They are worn to reduce the risk of breakthrough
  and contamination of clothing worn underneath the
  PPE.
• They must be disposed of after use.

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Plastic Disposable Aprons

• Aprons must be worn when
• Performing patient care activities where soiling
  or
• increased moisture is likely
• Cleaning disinfecting the patient environment
• Cleaning disinfecting medical other patient
  care equipment
• Laundering used linen
• Cleaning and disinfecting the cleaning equipment

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Caps
Caps are worn to protect the hair from aerosols
that may otherwise lodge on the hair and be
transferred to other parts of the health care
worker such as the face or clothing by the hands
or onto inanimate objects.
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Overshoes
Overshoes are worn to protect the health care
workers shoes and feet from being splashed by
spills such as blood or other body fluids or
aerosols
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Key Points

• The use of goggles, disposable gowns, gloves,
  caps
• and overshoes for all patient contact is
  designed to
• protect both the health care worker and the
  patient.
• It also protects other patients, staff and
  visitors from potentially infectious
  microorganisms.

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Can You Now Answer These Questions?

• What personal protective equipment (PPE) has been
  recommended for use with SARS patients? Why?
• What does this PPE consist of?
• How should you use this PPE?
• Describe how you should put on, and remove, this
  PPE? Why is this important?

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Can You Now Answer These Questions?

• How often should you change this PPE? Why?
• What should you do with the goggles once you have
  removed them? Why?
• How should you dispose of this PPE? Why?
• What should you do once you have removed your
  gloves? Why?

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Take Home Messages

• Wear goggles, gowns, gloves, caps and overshoes
  for all contact with SARS patients.
• Ensure goggles cover the entire eye area.
• All visitors must also wear these PPE items.
• Dispose of these items in the appropriate
  container for disposal or cleaning and
  disinfecting.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Other PPE
Equipment Requirements

• We hope YOU have learnt about the use of
• goggles, gowns, gloves, caps and overshoes,
• their use in caring for SARS patients and
• their role in the prevention of transmission and
  
• control of SARS.
• Thank you for listening.