Unification of Italy

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Unification of Italy
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I. Italian Peninsula

• Regionalism vs. Nationalism
• Napoleon sparked nationalism
• Congress of Vienna ignored nationalist demands
• Secret organizations formed, started revolts vs.
  Austria
• Mazzini founded Young Italy

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• Secret group to create a united Italy
• Took over Rome, but didnt last

Ideas grow quickly when watered by the blood of
martyrs
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II. Struggle for Italy

• 1848 Risorgimento controlled by Sardinia Victor
  Emmanuel III
• Cavour was prime minister (similar to Bismarck)
  realpolitik, built economy
• Joined Crimean War vs. Russia, secret deal w/
  France to get help vs. Austria
• Revolutionary fervor spreads others join
  revolts against Austria

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• Garibaldi started revolts in the South (Sicily)
• 1000 red shirt volunteers, Garibaldi won Sicily
  moved North to Naples
• wanted a Republic of Italy, Cavour wanted a
  monarchy, on the verge of civil war
• Garibaldi turns over his ½ Emmanuel III is
  crowned the 1st King of Italy in 1861

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III. Trials of a New Nation

• No tradition, North was industrial richer,
  South was Agricultural poor
• Catholic Church vs. New Italian govt
• Constitutional Monarchy w/ bicameral legislature
  (upper house appointed by the King)
• Many fled to US, Canada Latin America
• Socialists organized strikes some other groups
  wanted anarchy