The Unification of Italy and Germany

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The Unification of Italy and Germany

• 1850s-1870s

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Nationalism

• What is nationalism?
• The belief that the greatest loyalty should be to
  a nation of people who share a common culture
  history

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Types of Nationalism

• Nationalism that unifies culturally similar lands
  and people
• Nationalism that separates culturally different
  lands and people

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The Unification of Italy

• Italian Unification
• Italy forms from crumbling empires
• 1815-1848 Italians want independence from foreign
  rulers
• Cavour Leads Northern Italian Unification
• Camillo di Cavour - Prime Minister of Kingdom of
  Sardinia (1852)
• Gets French help to win control of
  Austrian-controlled Italian land

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The Unification of Italy

• Giuseppe Garibaldi Brings Unity
• Leads nationalists who conquer southern Italy
• Known as the Red Shirts for their attire during
  battle
• Cavour convinces Garibaldi to unite southern
  Italy and Sardinia
• Garibaldi steps aside, allowing King of Sardinia
  to rule
• 1861, Victor Emmanuel II was crowned King of Italy

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The Unification of Germany

• Beginning in 1815
• German Confederation
• Divided into 39 German states
• Austria controlled the Confederation
• Prussia lead the unification movement
• Prussian Advantage
• Very powerful army

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The Unification of Germany

• Prussias Prime Minister
• Otto von Bismarck (1862)
• Member of the Junker class
• Conservative wealthy landowners
• Used military force to achieve political gain

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The Unification of Germany

• Prussia Expands
• Prussia Austria fight Denmark, gain two
  provinces
• Quick victory makes other German nations respect
  Prussia
• Seven Weeks war
• Prussia defeats Austria
• Gains Austrian territory
• East and West Prussia are united

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The Unification of Germany

• The Franco-Prussian War
• Prussia defeats France
• Wilhelm is crowned Kaiser emperor of a united
  Germany
• Bismarck creates a Germany united under Prussian
  dominance

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THE END