Improving investment and stimulating agricultural growth to achieve food security in East Africa Linking small-farmers to local and regional market The SPS measures at regional level: AU-EU experiences Jacky Le Gosl

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Improving investment and stimulating
agricultural growth to achieve food security in
East Africa Linking small-farmers to local and
regional marketThe SPS measures at regional
level AU-EU experiencesJacky Le Goslès,
Adviser, DG Health and Consumers, European
Commission CTA sub regional briefing
12-13/11/2010 , Entebbe, Uganda
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BTFS AFRICA

• BETTER TRAINING FOR SAFER FOOD
• UNE MEILLEURE FORMATION POUR DES ALIMENTS PLUS
  SAINS

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BTFSAFRICA

• Africa-EU Joint Strategy
• Capacity building activities in the SPS field in
  Africa
• 2009-2010 (10M)

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• BTSF AFRICA
• Activity 1 (OIE)
• Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary Services
  (11)  follow-ups (28)
• Activity 2 (OIE)
• Improvement of national / regional legal
  framework (13)
• Activity 3 (OIE)
• Laboratory capacity (4 twinnings)
• Activity 4 (OIE)
• Training of CVOs / National Focal Points (6 WS)
• Activity 5 (AESA Cons.)
• -10 five-day Regional training of trainers
  workshops ( 250 trainees)
• 3 three-day special WS for AC, RECs, Specialised
  bodies officials (Addis, Dakar, Cape Town)
• -2 one-day (opening and closing) conferences
  (Addis, Brussels)
• Activity 6 (AESA Cons.)
• Sustained missions and ad hoc assistance (e.g.
  SMEs)
• 1,560 days / 12 experts / 6 Regions ( 26
  countries)

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Main food safety principles

• 1) Needs for knowledge on food hazards and risks
  training of both producers/processors and
  official controllers is key to acquire it.
• 2) FBO liability along the whole food production
  chain (including primary production i.e. feed and
  agriculture intrants) hazard and risk control
  and verification are key to discharge this
  liability.
• 3) a regional harmonised food hygiene
  legislation, adaptable regarding means and with a
  time table in order to be progressively
  implemented in all food sectors and steps of the
  whole production chain official checks by
  competent authorities competent knowledgeable
  and well trained) authority (free of conflict of
  interest) thus budget/fees for controllers,
  control activities, monitoring plans, labs,
  analyses and on going training.

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Food Safety Animal Health

• Food safety Referential and guidelines based on
  the Code for food hygiene of the CODEX
  ALIMENTARIUS
• PRE-REQUISITES (structure, organisation,
  equipment, material)
• GOOD HYGIENE PRACTICES
• HACCP PRINCIPLES/SYSTEM (pedagogic model based
  on production flow)
• Animal Health based on OIE Codes
• Official control certification
• OIE/CODEX RECOMMENDATIONS/GUIDELINES
• ISO STANDARDS
• COMPETENT AUTHORITY CONTROL ACTIVITIES
• REGIONAL INSPECTORATE BODY
• Import requirements and import controls
• Rapid alert system for feed and food
• Traceability system for import and intra region
  trade

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Animal Health Issues

• Non OIE Disease definitions and/or under
  declaration
• No sanction for not reporting OIE disease
  suspicion
• No compensation to farmers for animal culling
• AH lab coverage insufficient
• Unreliable laboratories
• Control/eradication measures inappropriate
• OIE disease pro-active surveillance insufficient
• Black market vaccines used (FMD)

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Food Safety Main Issues (e.g. FP)

• PRESCRIPTION and DISTRIBUTION OF VETERINARY
  MEDECINE PRODUCTS (VMP) IN AQUACULTURE FARMS
• LAYOUT/STRUCTURE/HYGIENIC EQUIPMENT
• RUNNING WATER/POTABLE WATER/DECONTAMINATION
  PROCESS
• HYGIENE OF OPERATIONS (pest control, cleansing,
  disinfection, workers toilets, worker health
  status)
• COLD CHAIN vessel holds, FP as such, processing
  room, cold stores
• SANITARY TRACEABILITY one step forward, one
  step backward
• HACCP (own-checks) and OFFICIAL CONTROLS
  REGARDING THE MAIN RELEVANT HAZARDS organoleptic
  checks, bacteriological contaminants, histamine,
  parasites, environmental contaminants,
  additives/preservatives, veterinary drug residues
  in aquaculture products

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Food Safety Main Issues (e.g. meat)

• Veterinary farm supervision (including VMP)
• establishment supervision (rely too much on
  operators)
• Hygiene of operation
• Running/potable water
• Cold chain, respect of T in rooms and in meat
• Ante/Post-Mortem inspection non appropriate
  operation, staff
• Trichinella controls in pig meat
• Use of hyper-chlorinated water
• Traceability of meat
• Number of official/own-check analyses
• Certification of health status of company staff

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Main Issues (e.g. Vegs)

• General
• Lack of control by CA
• Dependence on private standards
• Poor performance in laboratories
• No/poor controls at export

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Food Safety Main Issues (e.g. Vegs)

• Pesticides
• High frequency of use
• Lack of control on Good Agriculture Practices or
  on registered users
• Lack of control in application or follow up
• Variable MRLs
• Poor equipment/analytical capability and poor
  quality control in laboratories
• Phytosanitary Controls
• Problems with understanding of legislation
  requirements
• Monitoring and official controls limited
• Lack of documentation/ traceability

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Main Consequences

• Primary production
• is of paramount importance for providing food
  security and as far as possible self- sufficient
  food production,
• is key to prepare a raw agricultural product (
  fruits, vegetables or animals) for a safe food
  (and of quality) to be put either on the
  national, regional or global market,
• in DC is currently a weak link in the whole food
  production chain as food hazards and risks are
  insufficiently known and controlled by producers

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Agriculture conditions trends Associated food
safety risks

• Climate change less accessible and arable land(
  more chemical inputs, less water recycling and
  potability , T increases more needs for cold
  chain (including cooling of working rooms)
• Land acquisition knowing the sanitary land
  history
• Urbanisation pollution and translation of the
  arable land see above
• Rural exodus, namely of the youth more
  urbanisation see above, less  hands  on land
  see below
• Producing differently, for an increased
  productivity more chemicals to be properly
  controlled.

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Agriculture conditions trends Associated food
safety risks

• Environmental and agriculture chemical
  contaminants risks for fish and aquaculture
  projects.
• Limited investments difficulties to comply with
  SPS standards
• Food value chain not enough thought about or
  taken into account insufficient processing (
  less added value food and dependence of processed
  products), dependance of imported raw materials
• move of food producing plants from the city
  center to industrial/craftwork activity zones
  very positive.

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Do not forget BASIC NEEDS

• Roads
• Water
• Power
• Worker health
• Civilian security
• Food security policy
• Food safety legislation
• Good food hygiene practices implementation
• Food safety legislation enforcement

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Thank you for your attention