Physiology of the Heart

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Physiology of the Heart

• Part 2 p. 357-360

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The Cardiac Cycle

• Cardiac cycle activity what do you know?

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Pressure (inside the heart)
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Ventricular Volume
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EKG
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Heart Sounds
Animation 1 Animation 2
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Cardiac Output

• CO HR x SV
• Ave CO 75 bpm x 70 ml/beat 5250 ml/min
• Regulation of SV (60 of ventricular vol)
• Stretch of cardiac muscle cells
• Venous return (hemorrhage, exercise)
• Muscular pump
• Respiratory pump

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Cardiac Output

• CO HR x SV
• Regulation of HR
• Compensation for low SV
• Loss of blood
• Weakened cardiac muscle
• Stress (fight or flight response)
• Nerves slow/steady HR or increase HR
• Hormones epinephrine, thyroxine increase HR
• Electrolyte imbalances (Ca2, K, Na)
• Physical factors age, gender, exercise, body
  temperature

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Heart Conditions

• Congestive heart failure
• Fails on left pulmonary congestion edema
• Fails on right peripheral congestion edema