Gluep

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Gluep Oobleck

• Polymers
• Monomers
• Gluep
• Oobleck
• Viscosity
• Newtonian v. non-Newtonian
• Natural Polymers
• Plastics

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Polymers

• A large, complex molecule built from smaller
  molecules (monomers) joined together
• Form from carbon bonded to one another and to
  other kinds of atoms

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Monomers

• Small molecules, that can join with other similar
  molecules to form very large molecules, or
  polymers.
• The chain of molecules can be of different
  lengths
• All monomers are able to form chemical bonds to
  at least two other monomer molecules.

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Polymers
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GLUEP (SILLY PUTTY)

• silicone polymer
• a non-Newtonian fluid
• forms thin strands when pulled apart slowly
• will break when pulled apart quickly
• increased viscosity under stress (pressure)

LIQUID
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OOBLECK
LIQUID

• Colloidal Suspension
• Cornstarch is made of polymers.
• non-Newtonian fluid
• Pressing on the cornstarch suspension squeezes
  the water from between the particles.
• It resists flow because the particles are now
  grinding against each other.
• Releasing the pressure allows the water to seep
  between the particles again and the suspension
  flows more easily
• Increased viscosity under pressure (the fluid
  becomes stiff)
• Wet sand - The sand hardens under your feet. But
  if you lean over and draw a line in the sand with
  your finger, you see that it's rather soft.

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VISCOSITY

• Viscosity a measure of a fluids resistance to
  flow
• Picture a flowing liquid as a series of layers of
  liquid sliding past each other.
• The resistance to flow is because of friction
  between these layers.
• High viscosity slow flow
• Low viscosity quick flow

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Newtonian v. non-Newtonian

• Newtonian fluid
• If you want one layer to slide over another twice
  as fast as before, you'll have to overcome a
  resisting force that's twice as great
• Gases, cooking oil and water are common examples.
• These fluids become more viscous (higher
  viscosity) when they cool. This means that their
  resistance to flowing increases.
• non-Newtonian fluid.
• Their viscosity increases not with temperature,
  but when the liquid is stirred or compressed.
• Colloidal suspensions and polymer solutions like
  ketchup, yogurt, gravy and starch/water paste are
  examples.
• They're non-Newtonian fluids because doubling the
  speed that the layers slide past each other does
  not double the resisting force. It may less than
  double (Shear Thinning like ketchup), or it may
  more than double (Shear Thickening as in the case
  of quicksand and gravy). That's why stirring
  gravy thickens it, and why struggling in
  quicksand will make it even harder to escape.

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Natural Polymers

• Plant Polymers
• CELLULOSE long fibers made in plants when sugar
  molecules are joined into long strands
• Cotton balls
• Cotton cloth
• Paper
• Animal Polymers
• SILK
• WOOL
• PROTEINS amino acids (monomers) combine to form
  proteins
• Properties of protein depend on which amino acids
  are used in what order
• FINGERNAILS
• HAIR
• HEMOGLOBIN

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PLASTICS (Synthetic Polymers)
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Polyethylene Terepthalate PET

• Invented by J.R. Whinfield and J.T. Dickson,
  1940.
• Uses clothing, plastic films, plastic bottles

CH2 methylethylene
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High-Density Polyethylene

• Invented by Robert L. Banks and J. Paul Hogan,
  1951.
• Uses milk jugs, shampoo bottles, motor oil
  bottles, high-strength fibers

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PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

• Invented by Waldo Semon, 1926.
• Uses water pipes, swimming pool liners, shower
  curtains, house siding, garden hose, LP records,
  vinyl car tops

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Low-Density Polyethylene

• Invented by Eric Fawcett and Reginald Gibson,
  1935, in England.
• They were trying to make an explosive gas
  (ethylene) react with a much larger molecule
  (benzaldehyde), by forcing them together under
  high pressure. What they got was a useless, (so
  they thought!), white, waxy solid that couldn't
  be used for anything interesting or practical.
• Nothing much more was done with this
  "polyethylene" until the start of the Second
  World War.
• Uses garbage bags, disposable diapers, plastic
  films

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Polypropylene

• Invented by Robert L. Banks and J. Paul Hogan,
  1951.
• Uses bags for snack foods, plastic buckets,
  fibers for rope, indoor-outdoor carpeting

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Polystyrene

• Invented by Eduard Simon, 1839.
• Uses plastic foam packing materials, hot drink
  cups, plastic disposable utensils, rigid plastics
  of all kinds

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Other

• anything else, including items madefrom more
  than one kind of polymer

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Links

• http//www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/bc/ahp/LAD/C3a/C3a_po
  lymers.html
• http//www.chemheritage.org/EducationalServices/fa
  ces/poly/readings/rec.htm