Assessment: Sexual and Asexual Reproduction T-Chart

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Assessment Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
T-Chart

• You have 15 minutes to complete the T-chart

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Heredity and Genetics
9/19/2013
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Announcements

• All 7th Grade Classes
• Six-weeks Test covers
• Homeostasis internal and external stimuli
• Plant reproduction asexual and sexual
• Adaptations/Evolution
• Genetics/Heredity

Start studying TONIGHT!
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Todays Warmup

• How would you describe me? What are some of my
  physical features (traits) that make me, Mrs.
  Crockett, unique?
• Thin
• Blonde Hair
• Hazel eyes
• Changes from green to blue
• High forehead
• Loves to Dance

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Heredity and Genetics

• I wonder is square dominant over round for
  sponge shape???

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Todays Warmup

• Spongebob Squarepants is square. He marries
  Spongesue Roundpants and they have four children.
  All four children are square.
• What is the genotype for these children?
• Which allele is dominant- square orround? How do
  you know?

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Todays Objectives

• Discuss traits class traits/engage
• Learn about Gregor Mendel- the father of
  genetics- video clip
• Review dominant and recessive alleles
• Review vocabulary genotype, phenotype,
  homozygous, heterozygous
• Genetics Mix-It-Up game
• Lab-book questions
• BrainPop (heredity)

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Your Traits

• What are some of your traits that make you
  unique? Traits worksheet
• Lets take a look at a number of physical traits
  Which are common? Which are more rare?
• Which traits do you think aredominant and which
  arerecessive?

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Genetics

• Your traits (like SpongeBobs yellow color and
  square shape) are determined by your genes.
• A gene is a segment of your DNA. Your DNA (found
  in the nucleus of almost every cell in your body)
  is the set of directions that make you you! How
  you lookand how you behave are in greatpart
  determined by your genes.

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Genetics

• Every cell in your body except for eggs, sperm,
  and red blood cells contains a full set of
  chromosomes in its nucleus.
• If the chromosomes in one of your cells were
  uncoiled and placed end to end, the DNA would be
  about 6 feet long. If all the DNA in your body
  were connected in this way, it would stretch
  approximately 67 billion miles! That's nearly
  150,000 round trips to the Moon!

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Gregor Mendel

• Considered the father of genetics
• An Austrian monk with a love of science
• Experimented with garden peas-studying traits
  such as plant height,pea color, pea shape,
  flower color
• Began his experiments in 1856
• His work was forgotten untilother scientists
  confirmed his findings in 1900

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Alleles

• Alleles The different forms of a trait that a
  gene may have. You get one allele for each trait
  from each parent.
• Examples in pea plants
• Short or tall plant
• Red or white flowers
• Green or yellow peas

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Alleles

• Alleles can be dominant meaning they cover up
  other alleles or they can be recessive meaning
  they can be covered up or can seem to disappear
• Dominant alleles CAPITAL LETTERS
• Recessive alleles lowercase letters

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Alleles

• If the alleles are the same they are called
  homozygous. (also known as purebred)
• Example TT or tt (both parents gave same allele)
• If the alleles are different they are called
  heterozygous. (also known as hybrid)
• Example Tt (parents gave differentalleles)

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Genetics Vocabulary

• The genotype of an organism is its genetic
  makeup
• Example TT homozygous dominant
• Tt heterozygous
• tt homozygous recessive
  
• The phenotype of an organism is the way the
  organism looks and/or behaves (what you see)
• Example short, blue eyes, brown hair, etc.

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Genetics Mix-It-Up

• Work with your lab partner
• Every lab group gets one envelope
• Inside the envelope are colored squares
  representing alleles for plant height
• Yellow represent short (t). Red represent tall
  (T).

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Genetics Mix-It-Up

• To show how each parent contributes one allele
  for a trait, pull out two squares
• In the example below, would the new plant be tall
  or short?Remember Yellow represent short (t).
  Red represent tall (T).

Genotype heterozygous Phenotype tall
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Genetics Mix-It-Up

• One partner will represent the mothers alleles,
  one partner will represent the fathers alleles.
• Without looking each lab partner pull one colored
  square from the envelope and lay the squares side
  by side.
• Draw your offspring and tell its genotype and
  phenotype in your lab notebooks.

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Genetics Mix-It-Up

• You should have a total of 4 offspring.
• Remember
• Two red homozygous dominant (TT) tall
• Two yellow homozygous recessive (tt) short
• One red and one yellow heterozygous (Tt) tall
• Mrs. Crockett will stamp when you are complete.

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Genetics Mix-It-Up Part II

• Refer back to the color squares (offspring) drawn
  in your lab-book.
• Write and answer these questions
• How many of the offspring look tall?
• How many of the offspring look short?
• How many were homozygous dominant (TT)?
• How many were homozygous recessive (tt)?
• How many were heterozygous (Tt)?

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Genetics with a smile

• Using one coin, flip twice
• Once for male, once for female
• Complete the first line (face shape) with me.

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Human Genetics
gametes
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Todays Assignment

• Part 1- CPS Genetics Review Quiz
• 10 questions
• Open notes
• Part 2- Written Genetics Summary (to turn in)
• Explain how traits are passed from parents to
  child.
• List two dominant and two recessive traits seen
  in our class population.
• Explain what genotype is required to observe (see
  ) recessive traits.
• Can the phenotype of an organism tell you what
  the genotype actually is? Explain.

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Todays Assignment

• Part 3- Textbook Genetics Review
• Read section 1- Genetics (pg. 384-390)
• Answer questions 1, 2, 3,4, and 5 on page 390.
• You do NOT have to write the question, but must
  give good, complete answers
• Turn in to bin at the end of the period- finished
  or not!!!

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Make it a great day Mustangs!