Use of pesticides

1
7 Orders of Insects

1. Order Coleoptera- hard exoskeleton (like armor!)
   i.e. beetles
2. Order Diptera- one pair of wings with halteres
   i.e. flies and mosquitoes
3. Order Hemiptera- triangle on back i.e. true bug
   like water striders
4. Order Hymenoptera- social and stinging insects
   i.e. bees, wasps, ants
5. Order Lepidoptera- moths (feathered antennae) and
   butterflies (knobs)
6. Order Odonata- long abdomen, notch on wing i.e.
   dragonflies and damselflies
7. Order Orthoptera- grasshoppers, roaches, mantids

2
Order Coleoptera-

• hard exoskeleton (like armor!) i.e. beetles

Blister Beetles
Lady Bird Beetles
3
Order Diptera-

• one pair of wings with halteres i.e. flies and
  mosquitoes

Robber Fly
House Fly
4
Order Hemiptera-

• triangle on back i.e. true bug like water
  striders, stink bug

5
Order Hymenoptera-

• social and stinging insects i.e. bees, wasps,
  ants

6
Order Lepidoptera-

• moths (feathered antennae) and butterflies
  (knobs)

7
Order Odonata-
                                                                                                                    
                                               

• long abdomen, notch on wing i.e. dragonflies and
  damselflies

WfHC gt Odonata gt Hemianax papuensis

 
Updated 30 June, 2004
8
Order Orthoptera-

• grasshoppers, roaches, mantids

9
Use of pesticides

• Insecticides kill insects
• Fungicides kill fungus
• Herbicides kill plants
• Most used so food can travel great distances
• Wash food in dish soap? But some go into the
  food!
• Health hazards? Leukemia (blood cancer)?

10
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Overspray?

• Blows away in wind
• Leaches into water
• Contamination of groundwater
• Contamination of wildlife areas
• DDT impacts on bald eagles, pelicans
• Rachel Carsen and Silent Spring

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A Report by Toxics Action Center andMaine
Environmental Policy Institute Principal
Authors William C. Sugg, III, Director, Maine
Environmental Policy Institute Matthew L. Wilson,
Director, Toxics Action Center Toxics Action
Center29 Temple Place Boston, MA 02111 (617)
747-4389 http//www.toxicsaction.org
  Published July, 2001
Pesticides are Dangerous and Threaten Public
Health The toxic pesticides proposed for spraying
are harmful to human health, wildlife, and
ecosystems. Children and the elderly are most
susceptible to the effects of toxic pesticides.
In both laboratory studies and occupational
settings, the toxic pesticides being used for
WNv mosquito control in Massachusetts have been
known to cause short- and long-term respiratory
problems, immune and nervous system disruption,
cancer, and reproductive and learning disorders.
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BiocontrolIPM Integrated Pest Management

• Control of insects in agriculture using littleor
  no pesticides
• Organic food is grown this way (Why is it
  expensive?)
• Methods 1. use predatory insects (i.e. wasps) to
  prey onpest2. plant weeds to attract pests away
  from crops3. alternate crops
• 4. use pheromones to trap insects5. sterilize
  males

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Research in IPM

• Test that predator will attack pest
• What will introduction of predator do to others
  in environment
• Compare crops grown with pesticides, little
  pesticides and no pesticides
• Cost/Benefit to farmer