Anatomy of the Urinary System

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Anatomy of the Urinary System Kidneys (urine
formation) Lower Urinary Tract Ureters
(2) Bladder (1) Urethra (1) (urine collection,
storage, excretion)
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Cortex Glomeruli Medulla Renal tubules (with
calyces forming the medulary pyramids) Ureter Tak
es urine to bladder Blood carried to the kidney
by the renal artery and taken away by the renal
vein.
Cortex
Medulla
Renal hilum
Renal artery
Renal vein
Renal pelvis
Ureter
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Each KIDNEY consists of 1 million NEPHRONS

• Each nephron consists of a
• GLOMERULUS (found in cortex)
• forms a protein-free filtrate from blood
• TUBULE (found in medulla)
• processes the filtrate to form urine
• Each TUBULE consists of several segments
• Proximal tubule
• Loop of Henle
• Distal Tubule
• Collecting Ducts.

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Functional Unit of the Kidney is the NEPHRON
Glomerulus Proximal Tubule Loop of
Henle Distal Tubule Collecting Duct
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Kidney Functions

• Regulation of water, electrolyte balance, pH
• Removal of waste from blood and excretion of
  urine.
• Secretion of hormones
• Erythropoietin
• Renin
• Vitamin D3