Development of the Computed Tomography (CT) Scanner

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• Development of the Computed Tomography (CT)
  Scanner

Sue Edyvean St. Georges Hospital, London
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Computed Tomography

• Images slices through the patient
• Graphia to write, to draw
• Tomos cut, incision, section
• Computed determined by mathematical methods

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Development of the CT Scanner

• CT scanner developed at EMI Medical by Godfrey
  Hounsfield

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Development of the CT Scanner

• Prototype installed at Atkinson Morleys
  Hospital, Wimbledon, London

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Development of the CT Scanner

• Support of Dr James Ambrose, Neuro-radiologist AMH

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Development of the CT Scanner

• 1st clinical scan 1st October 1971

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British Journal of Radiology 1973 three linked
papers

• Godfrey Hounsfield EMI, inventor of clinical CT
  1971 (design)
• 1979 Nobel prize (jointly with Cormack)
• Dr. James Ambrose Neuroradiologist AMH
  (clinical)
• Standing ovation at RSNA 1972
• Dr. BJ Perry Head of Medical Physics SGH/AMH
  (radiation)
• Dosimetry and image quality, measurements and
  methods

Godfrey Hounsfield
James Ambrose John Perry
(GH died Aug 12th 2004, JA died March 12th 2006)
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CT scanner development 1971

• 2 x (8 10 mm), first dual slice scanner,
• 80 x 80 matrix
• 4 min per rotation

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Early Clinical Images - AMH Scanner

• Data tapes sent away overnight for image
  reconstruction
• Paper (CT numbers) or polaroid (Scan numbers 200
  and 215, images A and B refer to the two slices
  imaged simultaneously)

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CT scanner development 1971

• Scanner is now in the science museum

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Godfrey Hounsfield Nobel Speech 1979
Fig. 14 shows a picture from the experiment. The
heart chambers can be discerned by a little
intravenous injected contrast media.
A further promising field may be the detection
of the coronary arteries. . It may be possible
to detect these under special conditions of
scanning.
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2010 Scanning the heart has become a reality
SOMATOM Definition Flash Temp res. 75 ms Coll.
128 x 0.6 mm Spatial res. 0.33 mm 350 ms for 149
mm Rotation 0.28 s 100 kV, 290 mAs/
rotation 0.90 mSv
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• Development of the CT Scanner

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Early Clinical Images
1st ever 3-D CT clinical images. Carried out in
AMH physics Dept.