Urban Design 2

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Urban Design 2

• Urban development and Planning Theories planning
  strategies, zoning, satellite city.

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A. Planning strategies
Urban development and Planning Theories

• Planning Organizations
• Central Organization
• Lineer Organization
• Radial Organization
• Clustered Organization
• Grid Organization

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1.Central Organization

• National Assembly in Dacca by Louis I. Kahn
  architect, at Dacca, Bangladesh, 1962 to 1974

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Panteon,Rome, Italya
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Nahalal, Jezreel Valley, Israel
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2.Lineer Organization

• The linear city was an urban plan for an
  elongated urban formation. The city would consist
  of a series of functionally specialized parallel
  sectors. Generally, the city would run parallel
  to a river, Bosphorus, sea channel, highway and
  be built so that the dominant wind would blow
  from the residential areas to the industrial
  strip. The sectors of a linear city would be
• a purely segregated zone for railway lines,
• a zone of production and communal enterprises,
  with related scientific, technical and
  educational institutions,
• a green belt or buffer zone with major highway,
• a residential zone, including a band of social
  institutions, a band of residential buildings and
  a "children's band",
• a park zone, and
• an agricultural zone with gardens and state-run
  farms

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Istanbul, Lineer master plan maslak skyscraper
zone
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3. Radial Organization

• Palmanova, Italya

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Hamadan, Iran
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4. Clustered Organization
Richard Galpin, Cluster
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5. Grid Organization
The grid plan dates from antiquity and originated
in multiple cultures some of the earliest
planned cities were built using grid plans
Barcelona, grid master plan
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New European towns were planned using grids
beginning in the 12th century, most prodigiously
in the bastides of southern France that were
built during the 13th and 14th centuries Many
were built on ancient grids originally
established as Roman colonial outposts.
Newyork,USA
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Parc de la Villette, paris
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B. Zoning

• Zoning is a device of land use planning used by
  local governments in most developed countries The
  word is derived from the practice of designating
  permitted uses of land based on mapped zones
  which separate one set of land uses from another.
  Zoning may be use-based (regulating the uses to
  which land may be put), or it may regulate
  building height, lot coverage, and similar
  characteristics, or some combination of these.
• Zoning may include regulation of the kinds of
  activities which will be acceptable on particular
  lots (such as open space, residential,
  agricultural, commercial or industrial), the
  densities at which those activities can be
  performed (from low-density housing such as
  single family homes to high-density such as
  high-rise apartment building), the height of
  buildings, the amount of space structures may
  occupy, the location of a building on the lot,
  the proportions of the types of space on a lot,
  such as how much landscape space, impervius
  surface, traffic lines, and parking must be
  provided.

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• The graphical scheme of the General urban plan
  for the city of Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
  The graphical scheme contains different zones
  which are designated with different colors.

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C. Satellite city

• A satellite town or satellite city is a concept
  in urban planning that refers essentially to
  miniature metropolitan areas on the fringe of
  larger ones
• Satellite cities are small or medium-sized cities
  near a large metropolis, that
• -Predate that metropolis' suburban expansion
• -Are at least partially independent from that
  metropolis economically and socially
• -Are physically separated from the metropolis by
  rural territory satellite cities should have
  their own independent urbanized area, or
  equivalent
• -Have their own public communities,
• -Have a traditional downtown surrounded by
  traditional "inner city" neighborhoods
• -May or may not be counted as part of the large
  metropolis'

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Sun city, Arizona,USA
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Brondby, Danmark