Heart Disease

1
Heart Disease

• Heart Disease-is any condition that reduces the
  strength of functioning of the heart and blood
  vessels.
• Heart disease is the leading cause of death in
  the United States.
• It is also the most preventable.

2
Types of Heart Disease

• Arteries-blood vessels that carry blood away from
  the heart to the body.
• Coronary arteries-supply blood to the heart.
• Arterial diseases-conditions that affect the
  arteries.
• Arteriosclerosis-a group of disorders that cause
  a thickening and hardening of the arteries.
• Atherosclerosis-condition that occurs when fatty
  substances build up on the inner lining of
  arteries.

3
Types of Heart Disease

• Heart attack-a serious condition that occurs when
  the blood supply to the heart slows or stops and
  the muscle is damaged.
• Symptoms include
• Sudden pain or pressure in the chest that extends
  into one or both arms, the jaw, back or abdomen.
• Shortness of breath.
• Cold skin.
• Vomiting
• Loss of consciousness.

4
Related Disorders and Conditions

• Blood pressure-the force of blood pushing against
  the walls of the blood vessels.
• Systolic (top number)-when the heart beats, it
  contracts and pushes blood through the arteries
  to the rest of the body
• Diastolic (bottom number)-indicates the pressure
  in the arteries when the heart rests between
  beats.

5
Related Disorders and Conditions

• Hypertension is a condition in which blood
  pressure stays at a level that is higher than
  normal.
• Normal blood pressure is less than 120/80.
• Pre-hypertension is 120-139/80-89.
• Stage 1 high blood pressure is 140-159/90-99.
• Stage 2 high blood pressure is 160/100 or higher.

6
Related Disorders and Conditions

• Stroke-a serious condition that occurs when an
  artery of the brain breaks or becomes blocked.
• This prevents the nerve cells in that particular
  part of the brain from receiving the oxygen and
  nutrients it needs to function properly.
• May have trouble speaking.
• May have trouble moving.
• Third leading cause of death in the United States.

7
Combating Heart Disease

• What doctors can do?
• Angioplasty-a surgical procedure in which an
  instrument with a tiny balloon attached is
  inserted into an artery to clear a blockage.
• Used to treat sever atherosclerosis.
• Balloon is inflated, crushing the fatty deposit
  that is blocking the artery.

8
Combating Heart Disease

• Medication
• Blockages often caused by blood clots, doctors
  may use aspirin to dissolve and prevent blood
  clots.
• Pacemaker-an electrical device surgically
  implanted in the chest.
• Sends electrical impulses to the heart helping
  beat regularly.
• Bypass surgery-creates new paths for blood to
  flow around the blockage.
• A healthy blood vessel from chest or leg is used

9
Combating Heart Disease

• Heart transplant-replacing a severely diseased
  heart with a health one that has been donated.
• Not often used for arterial disease.

10
What You Can Do

• Participate in regular physical activity.
• This strengthens the heart muscle.
• Maintain a healthy weight.
• Keep within the healthy range so your heart
  doesnt have to work so hard.
• Manage stress.
• Will keep blood pressure down.
• Avoid tobacco.
• Smokers are twice as likely to have a heart
  attack.