AIR POLLUTION

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AIR POLLUTION
FELIX RIZK
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AIR POLLUTION concentrated in the troposphere

• Air pollution

Regional
Local
Global warming
Acid rain
indoor
Acid rain
smog
Ozone depletion
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TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION

• Primary/Criteria already formed pollutants
  discharged directly into air.
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Volatile Organic compounds
Particulates 90 natural
Primary
Carbon Monoxide 50 of primary pollutants
Nitrogen Oxides - NOX
Sulfur oxides SOX
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Geographic Levels of Air Pollution
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Primary Air Pollutants
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TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION contd.

• SECONDARY types of air pollutants formed
  between components already in the air
• Acid rain/snow formed from water and SOX, NOX
  (primary).
• Ozone naturally in the stratosphere, but
  low-level ozone is formed from NOX and Oxygen
  near the ground surface (toxic), under strong
  sunlight conditions.

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SMOG an example of both primary and secondary
pollutants.

• Smog conditions are worsened by temperature
  inversion warm air over cool air near ground.

SMOG
Industrial or Gray air a mixture of fog and
smoke- London type smog (soot,sox,water)
Photochemical or brown or LA type smog mixture
of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, VOC, smoke ozone
produced under strong sunlight
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Photochemical Smog
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Temperature Inversion
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SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION

• Typically, there are 2 common sources

Stationary sources power Plants, factories, etc
Mobile sources cars, trains, boats, planes
Artificial or cultural
Air pollution
Natural Sources volcanic eruptions,
salt sprays, dust storms, natural fires,
coniferous trees
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Sources of Air Pollution
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EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
Material corrosion
Freshwater kills
Plant Health- SOX, ozone
Air Pollution
AIR POLLUTION
Cancer ex. Radon, Benzene, v. chloride
Chronic/acute disorders
Blood Disorders Ex heavy metals, CO.
Birth defects or teratogens
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Embryonic Periods of Teratogen Impacts
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INDOOR AIR POLLUTION

• Can be deadlier because of higher concentration
  levels causes sick building syndrome best
  solution is max ventilation.

Airfreshners
formaldehyde
Indoor Air Pollutants
Household Cleaners
Wood Smoke-
Asbestos - carcinogen A
Tobacco Smoke - carcinogen A
Radon Gas - carcinogen A
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Smoking VS Chronic Diseases
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U.S. PREMATURE DEATHS
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ACID RAIN

• Wet and dry acidic deposition with p H lt 5.

Acid Rain sources
HCL from Coal plants - lt 1.
SOX from Coal Plants/cars 70
NOX from vehicles 30 acid rain
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Global Warming?
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GLOBAL WARMING

• CO2, water vapor, and CH4 are greenhouse gases
  that trap heat near the bottom of the Earths
  atmosphere.
• CO2/H2O are controlled by natural cycles. The
  addition of large amounts of CO2 from fossil
  fuels burning is increasing the amount of CO2.
  More heat is being trapped presently 1 to 20 C
  since 1850s GLOBAL WARMING!

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Carbon dioxide Emission
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Global Warming
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Evidence of Global Warming
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Historical Temperature Trend
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Potential Effects of Global Warming
Change in veget- -ation belts loss of some
biological resources
Change in Climatic belts - Can have effect on
food production
Global warming
Melting of ice reservoirs Coastal flooding
Local weather change
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Recent Decline in Air Pollution