FIREARMS

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FIREARMS

• PATRICK GILES, SHANE STEPHENS, BRYAN SIRES

Provided by Dr. James Corbett, Agriculture
Teacher, Lowndes Co. High School GA Ag Ed
Curriculum Office To accompany Georgia
Agriculture Education Curriculum Lesson
03411 July 2002
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OBJECTIVES

• Students will be able to recognize the ten most
  important safety rules
• Students will be able to understand the
  importance of muzzle control
• Students will be able to identify the three basic
  parts which all guns have and explain the
  function of each
• Students will be able to identify the three basic
  types of firearms and the different types of
  actions
• Students will understand and be able to explain
  caliber and gauge
• Students will know the basic components of modern
  ammunition and will be able to describe their
  role in the firing sequence

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OBJECTIVES (CONTINUED)

• Students will understand the dangers that may be
  involved in firing antique firearms and replicas,
  and in the use of black powder vs. smokeless
  powder
• Students will understand and be able to explain
  zones of fire
• Students will understand how to safely transport
  firearms

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OBJECTIVES (CONTINUED)

• Students will understand the importance of
  properly cleaning firearms
• Students will understand how to safely and
  properly store firearms and ammo

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TERMS TO KNOW

• Firearm
• -a tool invented by man to propel a projectile
  such as a bullet
• Safety
• -designed to prevent the firearm from firing
  accidentally
• Magazine
• -holds stored cartridges ready to be loaded into
  chamber
• Shot
• -small lead or steel pellets

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Ten Commandments of Firearm Safety
1.Control the direction of your firearms muzzle. 6.Never point a firearm at anything you do not want to shoot.
2.Identify your target and what is beyond it. 7.Never climb a fence or tree, or jump a ditch or log, with a loaded firearm.
3.Treat every firearm with the same respect due a loaded firearm. 8.Never shoot a bullet at a flat, hard surface or water.
4.Be sure the barrel and action are clear of obstructions and that you have only ammo of the proper size for the firearm you are carrying. 9.Store firearms and ammunition separately beyond the reach of children and careless adults.
5.Unload firearms when not in use. 10.Avoid alcoholic beverages or other mood-altering drugs before or while shooting
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TYPES OF FIREARMS

• RIFLES-HAVE A THICKER BARREL AND GROOVES CUT INTO
  THE METAL
• SHOTGUNS-FIRE MANY SMALL LEAD OR STEEL PELLETS,
  CALLED A SHOT, IN A PATTERN AT A TARGET
• HANDGUNS

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RIFLES

• GROOVES ARE CUT INTO THE METAL OF THE BARREL TO
  MAKE THE BULLET SPIN AS IT GOES THROUGH THE
  BARREL WHICH MAKES IT GO STAIGHTER AND FARTHER
• THERE ARE FIVE TYPES OF RIFLE ACTIONS BOLT,
  LEVER ACTION, PUMP,SEMI-AUTOMATIC, AND BREAK
  ACTION

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SHOTGUNS

• THE MOST VERSATILE HUNTING FIREARM
• THEY FIRE MANY SMALL LEAD OR STEEL PELLTS, CALLED
  A SHOT
• SHOTGUNS CAN BE USED AS RIFLES WITH SOME GAME
  ANIMALS-THEY USE EITHER RIFLED SLUGS OR BUCKSHOT

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FIREARMS HANDLING AND SAFETY

• 1.ALWAYS CONTROL THE MUZZLE OF YOUR FIREARM,
  POINTING IT IN A SAFE DIRECTION.
• Keep your finger off the trigger until you are
  ready to fire.
• 2.TREAT EACH FIREARM AS IF IT IS LOADED.
• Never accept a firearm from anyone else until you
  have checked personally to see that it is unloaded

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FIREARM HANDLING AND SAFETY (CONTINUED)

• 3. BE SURE OF YOUR TARGET, AND WHAT IS BEYOND IT
• DONT TAKE AN OVER THE HILL SHOT
• THERE ARE MANY SAFE WAYS TO CARRY A FIREARM
  ELBOW, CRADLE, TRAIL, SHOULDER, DOUBLE HAND, SLING

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SAFE SHOOTING ZONES

• THE MOST EXPERIENCED MEMBER OF THE GROUP NEEDS TO
  PERSONALLY INSTRUCT EACH HUNTER ON HIS DIRECTION
  THEY SHOULD FIRE.
• A PERSON ON THE LEFT WILL SHOOT IN THE LEFT
  DIRECTION, MIDDLE IN THE MIDDLE DIRECTION, AND
  RIGHT TO THE RIGHT DIRECION.

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FIREARM PARTS AND AMMO

• DIFFERENT FIREARMS HAVE DIFFERENT PARTS, BUT
  THERE ARE THREE BASIC PARTS WHICH ALL GUNS HAVE
  THE TRIGGER, BARREL, AND SOME KIND OF SIGHT
• The trigger fires the ammo
• The barrel makes the ammo spiral or decides how
  it patterns out
• The sight gives someone a way to aim the gun

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AMMUNITION

• There are three types of ammunition rimfire,
  centerfire, and shotgun shells.
• Rimfire and centerfire cartridges are fired in
  the same way in which your trigger releases the
  hammer that drives a firing pin into the primer
  area the primer explodes, setting fire to the
  powder which causes very high gas pressure which
  pushes the bullet or shot out of the firearms
  barrel.

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CLEANING AND STORAGE

• Your firearm should be cleaned after each use-use
  solvent to clean the bore thoroughly
• A horizontal rack is fine for storage
• A cased firearm should be placed muzzle down

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CHAPTER REVIEW

• Name the 3 basic parts of a rifle or shotgun
• -barrel, action, and stock
• What are the four parts of a rifle cartridge?
• -case, primer, powder, and bullet
• Name the five types of actions.
• -bolt, lever, pump, semi-automatic, break
• What is the purpose of the safety?
• -to prevent the firearm from firing if the
  trigger is accidentally pulled
• Name two safety procedures for storing firearms.
• -put it in a case and store it horizontally

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CHAPTER REVIEW (CONT.)

• How can a hunter be certain his ammo is the
  correct and safe size?
• -check the caliber or gauge stamped on the
  barrel
• Explain the shoulder carry and tell when it
  should not be used.
• -you hold the firearm at the grip and lean it on
  your shoulder, you should not use it if there is
  someone behind you
• What is a zone of fire?-a direction in which a
  hunter can fire
• What are four positions to hold rifles
  steady?-prone,standing,sitting,kneeling
• Explain the shooters stance when using a
  shotgun?-you shift your weight to the leg out in
  front and lean into the shotgun