Jean Piaget

1
Jean Piaget

• By Erin, Shanice, Monika, Shannon, and Kyle

2
Biography

• Born in 1896
• From the French part of Switzerland
• Was interested in biology at a young age, and
  even published a number of papers before
  graduating High School
• Published first scientific paper at the age of
  ten

3
Father

• Arthur Piaget
• Was a professor of medieval literature
• At the university of Neuchatel

4
Mother

• Rebecca Jackson
• Energetic and outgoing
• Influenced Jeans interest in psychology

5
Childhood

• Piaget had a part time job with the director of
  Nuechâtels Museum of Natural History
• Much of Piaget's childhood was influenced by what
  he saw in his father, a man intensely dedicated
  to his studies and work.

6
Achievements

• Top one hundred greatest thinkers
• When he was eleven, his notes on a rare
  part-albino (having extremely pale or light skin)
  sparrow were published, the first of hundreds of
  articles and over fifty books.

7
Theory

• Jean Piagets theory of cognitive development
  states that there are four distinct stages of
  mental representation that children pass through
  before having an adult level of intelligence.

8
Theory Video

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vfcjPkPIwsog

9
Four stages

• Sensorimotor period (years 0 to 2)
• Preoperational period (years 2 to 6)
• Concrete operational period (years 6 to 12)
• Formal operational period (years 12 and up)

1 2 3 4
10
Sensorimotor period

• Infants are born with a set of congenital
  reflexes that allow them to float in the heavily
  dense world
• Their initial schemes are formed through
  differentiation of the congenital reflexes
• this stage marks the development of essential
  spatial abilities and understanding of the world

11
Preoperational period

• (Pre)Operatory Thought in Piagetian theory is any
  procedure for mentally acting on objects
• During this stage the child learns to use and to
  represent objects by images and words, in other
  words they learn to use symbolic thinking.

12
Concrete operational period

• Seriationthe ability to sort objects in an order
  according to size, shape, or any other
  characteristic. For example, if given
  different-shaded objects they may make a color
  gradient.
• Transitivity- The ability to recognize logical
  relationships among elements in a serial order
  (for example, If A is taller than B, and B is
  taller than C, then A must be taller than C).
• Classificationthe ability to name and identify
  sets of objects according to appearance, size or
  other characteristic, including the idea that one
  set of objects can include another
• Decenteringwhere the child takes into account
  multiple aspects of a problem to solve it. For
  example, the child will no longer perceive an
  exceptionally wide but short cup to contain less
  than a normally-wide, taller cup.

13
Concrete operational period(continued)

• Reversibilitythe child understands that numbers
  or objects can be changed, then returned to their
  original state. For this reason, a child will be
  able to rapidly determine that if 44 equals 8,
  8-4 will equal 4, the original quantity
• Conservationunderstanding that quantity, length
  or number of items is unrelated to the
  arrangement or appearance of the object or items.
  
• Elimination of Egocentrismthe ability to view
  things from another's perspective (even if they
  think incorrectly). For instance, show a child a
  comic in which Jane puts a doll under a box,
  leaves the room, and then Melissa moves the doll
  to a drawer, and Jane comes back. A child in the
  concrete operations stage will say that Jane will
  still think it's under the box even though the
  child knows it is in the drawer.

14
Formal operational period

• characterized by acquisition of the ability to
  think abstractly
• reason logically and draw conclusions from the
  information available
• as well as apply all these processes to
  hypothetical situations
• young adult is able to understand such things as
  love, "shades of gray", logical proofs, and
  values.

15
Criticism

• The biggest problem with Jean Piagets cognitive
  development theory is his research methods.
• Jean researched using his own three children as
  well as a sample of children from well-educated
  parents with a wealthy background.
• People find it hard to generalize his findings
  since his research only comes from a particular
  group of children.

16
Bibliography

• http//webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/piaget.html
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Piaget
• http//psychology.about.com/od/piagetstheory/p/pia
  getcriticism.htm
• http//aneskaortega.files.wordpress.com/2007/04/pi
  aget.jpg
• http//www.notablebiographies.com/Pe-Pu/Piaget-Jea
  n.html